Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Ultrasound Med Biol. 2013 Feb;39(2):312-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.09.009. Epub 2012 Dec 4.
Ultrasound-induced neurostimulation has recently gained increasing attention, but little is known about the mechanisms by which it affects neural activity or about the range of acoustic parameters and stimulation protocols that elicit responses. We have established conditions for transcranial stimulation of the nervous system in vivo, using the mouse somatomotor response. We report that (1) continuous-wave stimuli are as effective as or more effective than pulsed stimuli in eliciting responses, and responses are elicited with stimulus onset rather than stimulus offset; (2) stimulation success increases as a function of both acoustic intensity and acoustic duration; (3) interactions of intensity and duration suggest that successful stimulation results from the integration of stimulus amplitude over a time interval of 50 to 150 ms; and (4) the motor response elicited appears to be an all-or-nothing phenomenon, meaning stronger stimulus intensities and durations increase the probability of a motor response without affecting the duration or strength of the response.
超声神经刺激最近受到越来越多的关注，但对于它如何影响神经活动的机制，以及能够引发反应的声参数和刺激方案的范围，人们知之甚少。我们已经建立了在体刺激神经系统的条件，使用鼠标运动反应。我们报告（1）连续波刺激与脉冲刺激一样有效或更有效，并且响应是在刺激开始而不是刺激结束时引发的；（2）刺激成功率随着声强和声持续时间的增加而增加；（3）强度和持续时间的相互作用表明，成功的刺激是由刺激幅度在 50 到 150 毫秒的时间间隔内的积分产生的；（4）引发的运动反应似乎是全有或全无的现象，这意味着更强的刺激强度和持续时间增加了运动反应的可能性，而不会影响反应的持续时间或强度。
