Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
Am J Pathol. 2013 Feb;182(2):319-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.09.025. Epub 2012 Dec 5.
For the greater part of the last century, basic science research has been limited to in vitro studies of cellular processes and ex vivo tissue examination from suitable animal models of disease. In the last three decades, however, new techniques have been developed that permit the imaging of live animals using X-rays, radiotracer emissions, magnetic resonance signals, sound waves and optical fluorescence, and bioluminescence. The objective of this review is to provide a broad overview of common animal imaging modalities, with a focus on positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and computed tomography (CT). Important examples, benefits, and limits of microPET/SPECT/CT technologies in current use, and their central role in improving our understanding of biological behavior and in facilitating the development of treatments from bench to bedside are included.
在上个世纪的大部分时间里，基础科学研究仅限于对细胞过程的体外研究和对疾病合适动物模型的离体组织检查。然而，在过去的三十年中，已经开发出了新技术，这些技术可以使用 X 射线、放射性示踪剂发射、磁共振信号、声波和光学荧光以及生物发光来对活体动物进行成像。本篇综述的目的是广泛概述常见的动物成像方式，重点介绍正电子发射断层扫描 (PET)、单光子发射计算机断层扫描 (SPECT) 和计算机断层扫描 (CT)。还包括了当前使用的微 PET/SPECT/CT 技术的重要实例、优点和局限性，以及它们在提高我们对生物行为的理解和促进从实验室到临床的治疗方法的发展方面的核心作用。
