Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
J Insect Physiol. 2013 Mar;59(3):241-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.11.008. Epub 2012 Dec 5.
To determine whether the Bunsen-Roscoe reciprocity law (i.e., the extent of photochemical effects is determined by cumulative irradiance) is applicable to ultraviolet-B (UVB) damage in the twospotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae, egg hatchability and survival of individuals were assessed after irradiation with a UVB lamp using various combinations of intensity and time length. A positive linear correlation between probit mortality and cumulative UVB irradiance was detected in eggs, larvae, teleiochrysalis females, and adult females, regardless of UVB intensity (0.19-0.58 Wm(-2)). LD50 values were clearly higher in adult females, followed by teleiochrysalis females, larvae, and eggs. In eggs, reciprocity was obeyed not only at the UVB intensities listed above, but also at very low UVB intensity (0.014-0.023 Wm(-2)). Such reciprocity in the negative effects of UVB radiation was also observed for the developmental rate of juveniles and egg production of adult females. However, the LD50 value of eggs obtained using the UVB lamp (0.58 kJm(-2)) was lower than that elicited by solar UVB radiation in a previous outdoor experiment (about 50 kJm(-2)). These results suggest that a photoreactivation mechanism plays an important role in the survival of this mite under solar radiation.
为了确定本生-罗斯科（Bunsen-Roscoe）互易律（即光化效应的程度取决于累积辐照度）是否适用于二斑叶螨 Tetranychus urticae 的 UVB 损伤，我们使用不同强度和时间长度的 UVB 灯照射后，评估了卵的孵化率和个体存活率。无论 UVB 强度（0.19-0.58 Wm(-2))如何，卵、幼虫、成虫和雌成体的概率死亡率与累积 UVB 辐照度之间均存在正线性相关性。LD50 值在雌成体中明显更高，其次是雌成体、幼虫和卵。在卵中，不仅在上述列出的 UVB 强度下，而且在非常低的 UVB 强度（0.014-0.023 Wm(-2))下也遵守互易律。UVB 辐射对幼体发育速度和雌成体产卵的负面影响也存在这种互易性。然而，用 UVB 灯获得的卵的 LD50 值（0.58 kJm(-2))低于之前户外实验中太阳 UVB 辐射引起的 LD50 值（约 50 kJm(-2))。这些结果表明，光修复机制在这种螨虫在太阳辐射下的生存中起着重要作用。
