Topographic distribution, frequency, and intensity dependence of stimulus-specific adaptation in the inferior colliculus of the rat.

The ability to detect unexpected sounds within the environment is an important function of the auditory system, as a rapid response may be required for the organism to survive. Previous studies found a decreased response to repetitive stimuli (standard), but an increased response to rare or less frequent sounds (deviant) in individual neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) and at higher levels. This phenomenon, known as stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA) has been suggested to underpin change detection. Currently, it is not known how SSA varies within a single neuron receptive field, i.e., it is unclear whether SSA is a unique property of the neuron or a feature that is frequency and/or intensity dependent. In the present experiments, we used the common SSA index (CSI) to quantify and compare the degree of SSA under different stimulation conditions in the IC of the rat. We calculated the CSI at different intensities and frequencies for each individual IC neuron to map the neuronal CSI within the receptive field. Our data show that high SSA is biased toward the high-frequency and low-intensity regions of the receptive field. We also find that SSA is better represented in the earliest portions of the response, and there is a positive correlation between the width of the frequency response area of the neuron and the maximum level of SSA. The present data suggest that SSA in the IC is not mediated by the intrinsic membrane properties of the neurons and instead might be related to an excitatory and/or inhibitory input segregation.