Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;768:183-95. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5107-5_11.
Deadenylation is the major step in triggering mRNA decay and results in mRNA translation inhibition in eukaryotic cells. Therefore, it is plausible that deadenylation also induces the mRNP remodeling required for formation of GW bodies or RNA processing bodies (P-bodies), which harbor translationally silenced mRNPs. In this chapter, we discuss several examples to illustrate the roles of deadenylation in regulating gene expression. We highlight several lines of evidence indicating that even though non-translatable mRNPs may be prepared and/or assembled into P-bodies in different ways, deadenylation is always a necessary, and perhaps the earliest, step in mRNA decay pathways that enable mRNP remodeling required for P-body formation. Thus, deadenylation and the participating deadenylases are not simply required for preparing mRNA substrates; they play an indispensable role both structurally and functionally in P-body formation and regulation.
脱腺苷酸化是触发 mRNA 降解的主要步骤，导致真核细胞中 mRNA 翻译抑制。因此，脱腺苷酸化也可能诱导 GW 体或 RNA 处理体 (P 体) 形成所需的 mRNP 重排，这些体含有翻译沉默的 mRNP。在本章中，我们讨论了几个例子来说明脱腺苷酸化在调节基因表达中的作用。我们强调了几条证据表明，尽管非翻译的 mRNP 可能以不同的方式被准备和/或组装到 P 体中，但脱腺苷酸化始终是 mRNA 降解途径中必需的，也是最早的步骤，使 P 体形成所需的 mRNP 重排成为可能。因此，脱腺苷酸化和参与的脱腺苷酸酶不仅是为了准备 mRNA 底物；它们在 P 体形成和调节的结构和功能上都起着不可或缺的作用。
