Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IFIMAV, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Jun 3;43:23-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.11.012. Epub 2012 Dec 7.
Neurocognitive impairment is a core component of schizophrenia. However, patients show great variability in the level and course of deficits. The goal of the present longitudinal study was to identify predictors of neurocognitive impairment in first episode psychosis patients.
Neurocognitive performance was analyzed in a cohort of 146 patients 3 years after a first episode non-affective psychosis. Subgroups, impaired vs. unimpaired, were compared on baseline clinical, neuropsychological, premorbid and sociodemographic characteristics.
Fifty-nine percent of participants presented general neurocognitive impairment and regression analyses demonstrated that clinical and sociodemographic characteristics were not predictive variables. A model composed of premorbid IQ, verbal memory and motor dexterity correctly classified 79.6% of the individuals.
The present study gives information on frequency and neurocognitive profile of subtypes of patients showing impairment. Our results suggest general neurocognitive impairment is a trait dimension of the disorder related to specific cognitive dysfunctions.
神经认知障碍是精神分裂症的核心组成部分。然而，患者在缺陷的程度和病程上表现出很大的差异。本纵向研究的目的是确定首发精神病患者神经认知障碍的预测因子。
在首发非情感性精神病 3 年后，对 146 例患者的神经认知表现进行了分析。在基线临床、神经心理学、病前和社会人口统计学特征方面，对受损组和未受损组进行了比较。
59%的参与者存在一般神经认知障碍，回归分析表明，临床和社会人口统计学特征不是预测变量。由病前智商、言语记忆和运动灵巧度组成的模型正确分类了 79.6%的个体。
本研究提供了关于表现出障碍的患者亚组的频率和神经认知特征的信息。我们的结果表明，一般神经认知障碍是与特定认知功能障碍相关的疾病的特质维度。
