Vasků J
Katedra patologické fyziologie LF UJEP, Brno.
Bratisl Lek Listy. 1990 Jan;91(1):5-20.
The artificial heart is a device for urgent solution of final heart failure. The systems used currently for this task are particularly pneumatic systems that allow only a limited life comfort for the patient. Therefore they have been used for short-term application as so-called bridge systems designed for periods preceding heart transplantation. Artificial hearts should be available for such situations. They are antithrombogenic owing to their construction and material properties and thus the patient's central nervous system is not threatened by thromboembolic complications. The Czechoslovak artificial heart TNS-Brno-VII is optimal in this respect. In experiments lasting for months, however, microembolism into the CNS from a calcified diaphragm often threatens the experimental animal. This danger can be limited both by optimal construction of the pump and by affecting the calcifying mechanism biologically, or by suitable processing of the diaphragm material that prevents calcifying nucleation. Perfect technology in the production of artificial hearts warrants complete elimination of potential air embolism into the central nervous system. Therefore the aim of further research is to design an absolutely defect-free system of the artificial heart which would eliminate any damage to the central nervous system during permanent long-lasting application, either on the basis of cerebral embolism of any origin, or on the basis of CNS hypoperfusion caused by limited pumping function of the artificial heart.
人工心脏是一种用于紧急解决终末期心力衰竭的装置。目前用于此任务的系统，尤其是气动系统，仅能为患者提供有限的生活舒适度。因此，它们一直被用作所谓的桥接系统，用于心脏移植前的短期应用。人工心脏应适用于此类情况。由于其结构和材料特性，它们具有抗血栓形成的能力，因此患者的中枢神经系统不会受到血栓栓塞并发症的威胁。捷克斯洛伐克的人工心脏TNS-Brno-VII在这方面是最佳的。然而，在持续数月的实验中，钙化隔膜产生的微栓子进入中枢神经系统常常会威胁实验动物。这种危险可以通过优化泵的结构、从生物学角度影响钙化机制或对隔膜材料进行适当处理以防止钙化核形成来加以限制。人工心脏生产中的完美技术可确保完全消除潜在的空气栓塞进入中枢神经系统。因此，进一步研究的目标是设计一种绝对无缺陷的人工心脏系统，该系统在长期永久应用过程中，无论是基于任何来源的脑栓塞，还是基于人工心脏泵血功能受限导致的中枢神经系统灌注不足，都能消除对中枢神经系统的任何损害。
