Department of Radiology, Hospital da Crianҫa Conceiҫão, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Pediatr Radiol. 2013 Jan;43(2):212-8. doi: 10.1007/s00247-012-2528-6. Epub 2012 Nov 15.
Prenatal exposure to cocaine has been associated with a wide spectrum of structural abnormalities in infant brains. The growing use of crack, a smokable and extremely addictive form of cocaine, could exacerbate the situation.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency, type and severity of cerebral lesions detected by transfontanellar US in newborns exposed to crack during gestation.
This was a retrospective study, involving a review of the medical records of children who were born to crack-using women and who were subjected to transfontanellar US imaging during their first days of life.
Transfontanellar US revealed abnormalities in 45/129 newborns examined (34.9%). The changes detected were subependymal cysts in 24 infants (18.6%), lenticulostriate vasculopathy in 18 infants (14%), subependymal hemorrhage in 9 infants (7%), and choroid plexus cysts in 9 infants (7%).
All of the abnormalities found by US examination were discrete and likely without clinical significance for the babies. However, prospective studies with a long period of tracking are needed to determine whether there are later consequences on the neurodevelopment of children with prenatal exposure to crack.
产前可卡因暴露与婴儿大脑的广泛结构异常有关。日益流行的吸食可卡因形式——快克可卡因，可能会使情况恶化。
本研究旨在确定通过经前囟超声检查在妊娠期接触快克可卡因的新生儿中检测到的脑损伤的频率、类型和严重程度。
这是一项回顾性研究，涉及对在出生后最初几天接受经前囟超声成像检查的使用快克可卡因的女性所生儿童的病历进行审查。
经前囟超声检查发现 129 名新生儿中有 45 名（34.9%）存在异常。检测到的改变包括 24 名婴儿的室管膜下囊肿（18.6%）、18 名婴儿的纹状体血管病变（14%）、9 名婴儿的室管膜下出血（7%）和 9 名婴儿的脉络丛囊肿（7%）。
超声检查发现的所有异常均为离散性的，可能对婴儿没有临床意义。然而，需要进行具有长期跟踪的前瞻性研究，以确定产前接触快克可卡因对儿童神经发育是否有后期影响。
