Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology Göttingen, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
IEEE Rev Biomed Eng. 2012;5:3-14. doi: 10.1109/RBME.2012.2183586.
This review describes methods for interfacing motor neurons from muscle recordings and their applications in studies on the neural control of movement and in the design of technologies for neurorehabilitation. After describing methods for accessing the neural drive to muscles in vivo in humans, we discuss the mechanisms of transmission of synaptic input into motor neuron output and of force generation. The synaptic input received by a motor neuron population is largely common among motor neurons. This allows linear transmission of the input and a reduced dimensionality of control by the central nervous system. Force is generated by low-pass filtering the neural signal sent to the muscle. These concepts on neural control of movement are used for the development of neurorehabilitation technologies, which are discussed with representative examples on movement replacement, restoration, and neuromodulation. It is concluded that the analysis of the output of spinal motor neurons from muscle signals provides a unique means for understanding the neural coding of movement in vivo in humans and thus for reproducing this code artificially with the aim of restoring lost or impaired motor functions.
这篇综述描述了将肌肉记录中的运动神经元进行接口连接的方法，以及它们在运动神经控制研究和神经康复技术设计中的应用。在描述了在人体中获取肌肉神经驱动的方法之后，我们讨论了突触输入向运动神经元输出的传递机制以及力的产生机制。运动神经元群体接收到的突触输入在很大程度上是共同的。这允许输入的线性传输和中枢神经系统控制的维度降低。力是通过对发送到肌肉的神经信号进行低通滤波产生的。这些关于运动神经控制的概念被用于神经康复技术的开发，我们将通过代表性的运动替代、恢复和神经调节的例子进行讨论。结论是，从肌肉信号中分析脊髓运动神经元的输出为理解人体运动的神经编码提供了一种独特的手段，从而可以人为地复制这种编码，以恢复失去或受损的运动功能。
