Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2013 Feb;103(2):339-46. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301113. Epub 2012 Dec 13.
We examined whether same-sex marriage was associated with nonspecific psychological distress among self-identified lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults, and whether it had the potential to offset mental health disparities between lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons and heterosexuals.
Population-based data (weighted) were from the 2009 adult (aged 18-70 years) California Health Interview Survey. Within-group analysis of lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons included 1166 individuals (weighted proportion = 3.15%); within-group heterosexual analysis included 35 608 individuals (weighted proportion = 96.58%); and pooled analysis of lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons and heterosexuals included 36 774 individuals.
Same-sex married lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons were significantly less distressed than lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons not in a legally recognized relationship; married heterosexuals were significantly less distressed than nonmarried heterosexuals. In adjusted pairwise comparisons, married heterosexuals had the lowest psychological distress, and lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons who were not in legalized relationships had the highest psychological distress (P < .001). Psychological distress was not significantly distinguishable among same-sex married lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons, lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons in registered domestic partnerships, and heterosexuals.
Being in a legally recognized same-sex relationship, marriage in particular, appeared to diminish mental health differentials between heterosexuals and lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons. Researchers must continue to examine potential health benefits of same-sex marriage, which is at least in part a public health issue.
本研究旨在探讨同性婚姻是否与自我认同的男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋成年人的非特定性心理困扰相关，以及同性婚姻是否有可能消除男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者与异性恋者之间的心理健康差异。
本研究基于 2009 年加利福尼亚健康访谈调查（CAHPS）的成人（18-70 岁）人群数据（加权）。同组内分析包括 1166 名男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者（加权比例为 3.15%）；同组内异性恋分析包括 35608 名异性恋者（加权比例为 96.58%）；男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者与异性恋者的合并分析包括 36774 名个体。
与未处于法律认可关系中的男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者相比，处于同性婚姻关系中的男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者的心理困扰显著降低；与非已婚异性恋者相比，已婚异性恋者的心理困扰显著降低。在调整后的两两比较中，已婚异性恋者的心理困扰最低，而未处于法律认可关系中的男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者的心理困扰最高（P<0.001）。在同性婚姻中的男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者、处于注册同性伴侣关系中的男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者以及异性恋者之间，心理困扰无显著差异。
处于法律认可的同性关系，特别是婚姻关系，似乎可以缩小异性恋者和男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋者之间的心理健康差异。研究人员必须继续研究同性婚姻的潜在健康益处，这至少在一定程度上是一个公共卫生问题。
