Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Avian Pathol. 2012 Dec;41(6):605-12. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2012.739680.
Salmonella Enteritidis is a major cause of food poisoning worldwide, and poultry products are the main source of S. Enteritidis contamination for humans. Among the numerous strategies for disease control, improving genetic resistance to S. Enteritidis has been the most effective approach. We investigated the association between S. Enteritidis burden in the caecum, spleen, and liver of young indigenous chickens and seven candidate genes, selected on the basis of their critical roles in immunological functions. The genes included those encoding interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2), immunoglobulin light chain (IgL), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Two Malaysian indigenous chicken breeds were used as sustainable genetic sources of alleles that are resistant to salmonellosis. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment-length polymorphism technique was used to genotype the candidate genes. Three different genotypes were observed in all of the candidate genes, except for MD-2. All of the candidate genes showed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the two populations. The IL-2-MnlI polymorphism was associated with S. Enteritidis burden in the caecum and spleen. The TGF-β2-RsaI, TLR-4-Sau 96I, and iNOS-AluI polymorphisms were associated with the caecum S. Enteritidis load. The other candidate genes were not associated with S. Enteritidis load in any organ. The results indicate that the IL-2, TGF-β2, TLR-4, and iNOS genes are potential candidates for use in selection programmes for increasing genetic resistance against S. Enteritidis in Malaysian indigenous chickens.
肠炎沙门氏菌是全球范围内食源性疾病的主要致病菌之一，而家禽产品是人类感染肠炎沙门氏菌的主要污染源。在众多疾病防控策略中，提高对肠炎沙门氏菌的遗传抗性是最有效的方法。本研究调查了雏鸡盲肠、脾脏和肝脏中肠炎沙门氏菌负荷与七个候选基因（基于其在免疫功能中的关键作用而选择）之间的关系。这些候选基因为白细胞介素 2（IL-2）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、转化生长因子β2（TGF-β2）、免疫球蛋白轻链（IgL）、Toll 样受体 4（TLR-4）、髓样分化蛋白 2（MD-2）和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）。使用两种马来西亚本土鸡种作为对沙门氏菌病具有抗性的等位基因的可持续遗传资源。采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术对候选基因进行基因分型。除 MD-2 外，所有候选基因在两个群体中均观察到三种不同的基因型。所有候选基因在两个群体中均符合 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡。IL-2-MnlI 多态性与盲肠和脾脏中的肠炎沙门氏菌负荷相关。TGF-β2-RsaI、TLR-4-Sau 96I 和 iNOS-AluI 多态性与盲肠中的肠炎沙门氏菌负荷相关。其他候选基因与任何器官中的肠炎沙门氏菌负荷均无关。结果表明，IL-2、TGF-β2、TLR-4 和 iNOS 基因是提高马来西亚本土鸡对肠炎沙门氏菌遗传抗性的潜在候选基因。
