养老院中土耳其老年人的生活质量与对衰老的态度。
Quality of life and attitudes to ageing in Turkish older adults at old people's homes.
作者信息
Top Mehmet, Dikmetaş Elif
机构信息
Department of Health Care Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
出版信息
Health Expect. 2015 Apr;18(2):288-300. doi: 10.1111/hex.12032. Epub 2012 Dec 12.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to investigate quality of life (QOL) and attitudes to ageing in Turkish older adults at two old people's homes (nursing homes) and to explain relationship between QOL and attitudes to ageing.
METHODS
This study is a quantitative and descriptive exploratory study of QOL and attitudes to ageing of older adults in nursing homes in a developing country.
INSTRUMENTS
Two international data measurement tools were used for data collection. Data measurement instruments in this study are The World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module (WHOQOL-OLD) and the WHO - Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire (AAQ). The WHOQOL-OLD module consists of 24 items assigned to six facets (sensory abilities, autonomy, past, present and future activities, social participation, death and dying and intimacy) AAQ consists of 24 items classified in three domains (psychosocial loss, physical change and psychological growth) with eight items each.
PARTICIPANTS
The Turkish version of the WHOQOL-OLD and AAQ was administered to 120 older (>65 years) adults living in two old people's homes in Samsun Province, Turkey. This study was conducted and planned between on 1 November 2011 and on 31 November, 2011.
RESULTS
The results indicated that there was significant relationship between QOL and attitudes to ageing of older adults. In this study, the highest significant relationship is between psychological growth subscale of attitudes to ageing and sensory abilities subscale of QOL (r = 0.579; P < 0.01). Overall QOL and overall attitudes to ageing had a significant and positive relationship (r = 0.408; P < 0.01). The dimensions of attitudes to ageing (psychosocial loss, physical change and psychological growth) were significant predictors for QOL in older adults in Turkey. It was found that the gender does not affect overall QOL in older adults. However, happiness is significant variable for overall QOL in this study.
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that QOL is a complex, multidimensional concept that should be studied at different levels of analysis in Turkey and other developing countries. The results of this study emphasize the importance of QOL in older adults in older people's homes in Turkey and attitudes to ageing of nursing home residents in Turkey.
目的
本研究旨在调查土耳其两家养老院中老年人的生活质量（QOL）和对衰老的态度，并解释生活质量与对衰老态度之间的关系。
方法
本研究是一项关于发展中国家养老院中老年人生活质量和对衰老态度的定量描述性探索性研究。
工具
使用两种国际数据测量工具收集数据。本研究中的数据测量工具为世界卫生组织生活质量量表-老年人模块（WHOQOL-OLD）和世界卫生组织-衰老态度问卷（AAQ）。WHOQOL-OLD模块由24个项目组成，分为六个方面（感官能力、自主性、过去、现在和未来活动、社会参与、死亡与临终以及亲密关系）；AAQ由24个项目组成，分为三个领域（心理社会丧失、身体变化和心理成长），每个领域各有八个项目。
参与者
将WHOQOL-OLD和AAQ的土耳其语版本施用于居住在土耳其萨姆松省两家养老院的120名老年人（年龄>65岁）。本研究于2011年11月1日至2011年11月31日期间进行和规划。
结果
结果表明，老年人的生活质量与对衰老的态度之间存在显著关系。在本研究中，衰老态度的心理成长子量表与生活质量的感官能力子量表之间的显著关系最为明显（r = 0.579；P < 0.01）。总体生活质量与对衰老的总体态度呈显著正相关（r = 0.408；P < 0.01）。衰老态度的维度（心理社会丧失、身体变化和心理成长）是土耳其老年人生活质量的重要预测因素。研究发现，性别不会影响老年人的总体生活质量。然而，在本研究中，幸福感是总体生活质量的显著变量。
结论
结果表明，生活质量是一个复杂的多维度概念，在土耳其和其他发展中国家应在不同分析层面进行研究。本研究结果强调了土耳其养老院中老年人生活质量以及土耳其养老院居民对衰老态度的重要性。
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