Lincoln Ventures Limited, PO Box 133, Lincoln, Christchurch 7640, New Zealand.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2013 Apr;405(11):3791-9. doi: 10.1007/s00216-012-6598-y. Epub 2012 Dec 15.
Environmental and process control applications have needs for sensors that operate continuously or repeatedly, making them applicable to batch measurement and flowing product stream measurement. Additionally, for lactose monitoring in dairy-processing plants, the sensors must have sufficient flexibility to handle a wide range of substrate concentration and be resilient to withstand wide pH excursions brought about by frequent exposure to clean-in-place chemicals that happen without any warning. This paper describes the development and trialling of an at-line lactose biosensor that meets the needs of the dairy industry for loss monitoring of lactose in dairy-processing plants by the combination of a third-generation enzyme biosensor with a sequential injection analyser. Results, both from grab sample analysis and an at-line factory prototype, are shown from their operation when installed at a Fonterra dairy factory (New Zealand) during the 2011-2012 season. Previous sensor fabrication methods were converted to a single-step process, and the flow-through cell was adapted to bubble-free operation. The lactose concentration in wastewater-processing streams was successfully monitored by taking and analysing samples every 2-3 min, semi-continuously, for 3 months by an unskilled operator. The Fonterra site flushes approximately 100-300,000 L of wastewater per hour from its lactose plant. In the 2011-2012 season, the daily mean lactose content of this wastewater varied significantly, from 0.0 to 8.0% w/v (0-233,712 μM) and equated to substantial total losses of lactose over a 6-month period. These lactose losses represent lost saleable or useable product.
环境和过程控制应用需要能够连续或重复运行的传感器，以便适用于批量测量和流动产品流测量。此外，对于乳制品加工工厂中的乳糖监测，传感器必须具有足够的灵活性来处理广泛的基质浓度，并具有弹性以承受由于频繁接触原位清洗化学品而引起的宽 pH 漂移，而这些情况是没有任何警告的。本文介绍了一种在线乳糖生物传感器的开发和试用，该传感器通过将第三代酶生物传感器与顺序注射分析仪相结合，满足了乳制品行业对乳制品加工工厂中乳糖损耗监测的需求。从在 Fonterra 乳制品工厂（新西兰）安装期间的现场原型和随机样本分析结果显示，该传感器在 2011-2012 季节运行良好。以前的传感器制造方法已转换为单步工艺，并且流通池已适应无气泡操作。通过未经训练的操作人员每隔 2-3 分钟采集和分析样品，连续 3 个月成功监测了废水处理流中的乳糖浓度。Fonterra 工厂每小时从其乳糖工厂冲洗约 100-300,000 升废水。在 2011-2012 赛季，该废水的日平均乳糖含量变化很大，从 0.0 到 8.0% w/v（0-233,712 μM），相当于在 6 个月期间乳糖的大量总损失。这些乳糖损失代表了销售或使用产品的损失。
