Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2013 Feb;91(2):950-6. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-4392. Epub 2012 Dec 12.
Corn gluten feed and dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) were evaluated as replacements for soybean meal and ground ear corn when supplemented with corn silage during 2 yr of a beef cattle stockering program. Experiment 1: In YR 1, 104 steers (initial BW = 305 ± 30 kg), and in YR 2, 56 steers and 38 heifers (initial BW = 301 ± 32 kg) were stratified by weight and assigned to 1 of 9 groups. Each group was randomly assigned to 1 of 3 corn silage-based (75% of DM) diets supplemented with: i) corn gluten feed (CGF), ii) DDGS, or iii) soybean meal and ground ear corn (CSBM) at 25% of DM. On d 0, 28, 56, and 84, BW and BCS were recorded. Additionally, ribeye area, 12th rib fat thickness, intramuscular fat, and rump fat thickness were assessed via ultrasound on 9 (YR1) and 4 (YR 2) steers per pen that were randomly assigned as observational units. Average daily gain was greater (P < 0.05) for steers fed DDGS and CSBM compared with CGF (1.08, 1.08, and 0.94 kg/d, respectively). Average DMI (P < 0.05) was less for DDGS compared with CSBM with CGF intermediate (18.1, 18.8, 20.2 g/kg BW, respectively), and the resulting G:F was greatest for DDGS (P = 0.01). Cost per kilogram of BW gain was least for DDGS (P > 0.05). Ultrasound data indicated no differences (P ≥ 0.13) in predicted carcass traits among treatments. Experiment 2: Diets from Exp. 1 were subjected to in vitro digestion for incubation times of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, and 72 h to estimate DM degradation, gas production kinetics, and CP fractions. The potentially degradable DM fraction was greater (P = 0.01) for CSBM compared with CGF and DDG. Total gas production and rate of gas production was not different among treatments (P > 0.42). Rumen degradable protein was greatest for CSBM and least for DDG (P = 0.001). These data indicate that DDGS can be used to replace soybean meal and corn in silage-based stocker systems to decrease feed costs without compromising animal performance and CGF may decrease animal performance.
在为期 2 年的肉牛育肥计划中，当用玉米青贮料补充时，玉米蛋白粉和干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）被评估为替代豆粕和粉碎玉米粒的饲料。试验 1：在 YR1 年，104 头阉牛（初始体重=305±30kg），在 YR2 年，56 头阉牛和 38 头小母牛（初始体重=301±32kg）按体重分层，并分为 9 组之一。每组随机分配到 3 种基于玉米青贮料（75%DM）的日粮之一，日粮补充：i）玉米蛋白粉（CGF），ii）DDGS，或 iii）豆粕和粉碎玉米粒（CSBM），占 DM 的 25%。在 d0、28、56 和 84 时，记录体重和体况评分。此外，通过超声评估每栏 9 头（YR1）和 4 头（YR2）随机分配为观测单位的阉牛的肋眼面积、第 12 肋骨脂肪厚度、肌内脂肪和臀部脂肪厚度。与 CGF 相比，DDGS 和 CSBM 组的平均日增重更高（P<0.05）（分别为 1.08、1.08 和 0.94kg/d）。与 CSBM 相比，DDGS 的平均 DMI 较低（P<0.05），CGF 居中（分别为 18.1、18.8 和 20.2g/kgBW），G:F 最高的是 DDGS（P=0.01）。每公斤 BW 增重的成本最低的是 DDGS（P>0.05）。试验 2：试验 1 的日粮在体外消化 0、2、4、8、16、24、48 和 72h，以估计 DM 降解、气体产生动力学和 CP 分数。与 CGF 和 DDG 相比，CSBM 的潜在可降解 DM 部分更大（P=0.01）。总气体产量和气体产生率在处理之间没有差异（P>0.42）。CSBM 的瘤胃可降解蛋白最高，DDG 最低（P=0.001）。这些数据表明，DDGS 可用于替代青贮料基础育肥系统中的豆粕和玉米，以降低饲料成本，而不会影响动物性能，而 CGF 可能会降低动物性能。
