不同粒径炮制黄芪对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化状态和血清代谢物的影响。

Effects of Astragalus membranaceus root processed to different particle sizes on growth performance, antioxidant status, and serum metabolites of broiler chickens.

机构信息

Department of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong, P. R. China, 271018.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2013 Jan;92(1):178-83. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02432.

DOI:10.3382/ps.2012-02432

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of supplementation of Astragalus membranaceus root powder (AMP) and AMP processed to different particle sizes on growth performance, antioxidant status, and serum metabolites of broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted with one hundred twenty 1-d-old Arbor Acres broilers in 5 groups of 4 cages and for both starter (0 to 21 d) and grower (22 to 42 d) phases. The treatments were basal diet only (control) and basal diet supplemented with 5 g/kg of diet of AMP processed to particle sizes of 300, 149, 75, or 37 µm. Average daily gain, ADFI, and feed conversion rate (FCR) were determined weekly, and carcass yield, serum antioxidant enzyme activity, and metabolites were determined at 21 and 42 d of the experiment. Supplementation of AMP increased (P < 0.01) activities of total superoxide dismutase (TSOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), but reduced (P < 0.01) concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and cholesterol in the serum of chickens at 21 and 42 d. Reducing AMP particle sizes from 300 to 37 µm linearly increased (P < 0.01) TSOD and GSHPx activities at 21 and 42 d, but linearly decreased (P < 0.01) MDA at 42 d. Concentrations of total protein, albumin, and globulin in the serum were also increased (P < 0.05) or tended to be increased (P = 0.05 to 0.10) by AMP and linearly increased (P < 0.01) as the AMP particle sizes decreased. However, both treatments had no effect on ADG, ADFI, or FCR throughout the entire experiment period, although carcass yield increased (P < 0.05) at 42 d. Dietary supplementation of AMP at the concentration of 5 g/kg of diet enhanced serum antioxidant status and its efficacy linearly increased as the AMP particle size decreased from 300 to 37 µm, but had no effect on growth performance of broilers.

摘要

本研究旨在评估黄芪根粉（AMP）和不同粒径处理的 AMP 对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化状态和血清代谢物的影响。试验采用 120 只 1 日龄阿伯丁-阿科瑞斯肉鸡，分为 5 组，每组 4 个笼，进行育雏期（0-21 日龄）和生长期（22-42 日龄）试验。处理组为基础日粮（对照组）和基础日粮添加 5 g/kg 日粮的 AMP 处理成 300、149、75 或 37 μm 粒径。每周测定平均日增重、采食量和饲料转化率，试验第 21 和 42 天测定胴体产率、血清抗氧化酶活性和代谢物。添加 AMP 提高了血清中总超氧化物歧化酶（TSOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSHPx）的活性（P < 0.01），但降低了血清中丙二醛（MDA）和胆固醇的浓度（P < 0.01）。将 AMP 粒径从 300 减小到 37 μm，可线性提高血清中 TSOD 和 GSHPx 的活性（P < 0.01），但在 42 天线性降低 MDA 的浓度（P < 0.01）。血清总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白的浓度也升高（P < 0.05）或呈升高趋势（P = 0.05-0.10），随着 AMP 粒径的减小而线性升高（P < 0.01）。然而，整个试验期间，两种处理方式对 ADG、ADFI 或 FCR 均无影响，尽管 42 天时胴体产率提高（P < 0.05）。日粮添加 5 g/kg 日粮的 AMP 可增强血清抗氧化状态，其功效随 AMP 粒径从 300 减小到 37 μm 而线性增加，但对肉鸡的生长性能无影响。