How S J, Lloyd D H
Department of Medicine and Animal Husbandry, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, U.K.
J Comp Pathol. 1990 Feb;102(2):157-63. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9975(08)80121-1.
Dermatophilus congolensis infection of rabbits was used to investigate the effects of active immunity on epidermal challenge following vaccination. Rabbits (three groups of four) were vaccinated intradermally with live whole-cell preparations of D. congolensis strains SS18C and FD11 (groups SSVAC and FDVAC respectively); a third group (UNVAC) remained as unvaccinated controls. Two weeks after vaccination, separate 1.5-cm2 clipped and ether-swabbed skin sites were inoculated with a 10-fold dilution range (10(7) to 10(1) zoospores per cm2 of skin) of SS18C or FD11. Lesion scores at each site were calculated from the sum of individual scores (0 to 4+) for erythema, oedema and scab formation multiplied by the percentage of the inoculated area affected. A clear dose-response relationship between the size of inoculum and the severity of lesions was seen for both D. congolensis stains in the control group (UNVAC). In the SSVAC and FDVAC groups the lesions were less severe and developed more quickly. The number of zoospores required to cause infection in the vaccinated animals was up to 10,000-fold higher for homologous inoculated sites and 100-fold for heterologous sites. Serological analysis was carried out with an ELISA system. Vaccination and challenge resulted in increases in specific antibody against D. congolensis antigens. Cross-reacting antibody to the heterologous strain of D. congolensis used was demonstrated in both vaccinated groups but did not correlate with equal protection to homologous or heterologous challenge. The dose-response relationship demonstrated by this model enabled semi-quantitative analysis of the effects of vaccination on D. congolensis infective dose and severity of infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
利用兔刚果嗜皮菌感染来研究主动免疫对疫苗接种后表皮激发的影响。将兔子（每组4只，共3组）分别皮内接种刚果嗜皮菌菌株SS18C和FD11的活全细胞制剂（分别为SSVAC组和FDVAC组）；第三组（UNVAC）作为未接种疫苗的对照。接种疫苗两周后，将面积为1.5平方厘米、经过剪毛和乙醚擦拭处理的皮肤部位分别接种10倍稀释范围（每平方厘米皮肤含10⁷至10¹个游动孢子）的SS18C或FD11。每个部位的病变评分是根据红斑、水肿和结痂形成的个体评分（0至4+）之和乘以受影响接种面积的百分比来计算的。在对照组（UNVAC）中，两种刚果嗜皮菌菌株的接种量大小与病变严重程度之间均呈现出明显的剂量反应关系。在SSVAC组和FDVAC组中，病变较轻且发展更快。对于接种疫苗的动物，同源接种部位引起感染所需的游动孢子数量高出多达10000倍，而异源部位则高出100倍。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）系统进行血清学分析。接种疫苗和激发导致针对刚果嗜皮菌抗原的特异性抗体增加。在两个接种疫苗的组中均证实了针对所用刚果嗜皮菌异源菌株的交叉反应抗体，但这与对同源或异源激发的同等保护无关。该模型所展示的剂量反应关系能够对疫苗接种对刚果嗜皮菌感染剂量和感染严重程度的影响进行半定量分析。（摘要截短于250字）
