Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Blood Transfus. 2014 Jan;12 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):s21-7. doi: 10.2450/2012.0058-12. Epub 2012 Nov 20.
To develop targeted interventions in the field of donor recruitment, an understanding of existing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding blood donation is required. Recruiters should be aware of variability in different demographic strata when implementing interventions.
A self-administered questionnaire along with a face-to-face interview was conducted in 400 each of voluntary donors, replacement donors and non-donors to assess their knowledge, attitude and beliefs regarding blood donation and their motivations for giving blood. Data were analysed using ANOVA and the c2 test.
The most common reason given by non-donors (40.75%) for not donating blood was "no one asked them to give blood". Voluntary donors had a more pleasant blood donation experience compared to replacement donors and, therefore, more of them were willing to donate again (89.5%). The knowledge scores of non-donors were lower than those of donors and, among the latter, voluntary donors had better scores compared to replacement donors. Expectedly, the frequency of false beliefs was highest among non-donors (22.75%), with the most prevalent misbelief being that blood donation is associated with infertility. Television was found to be the most effective medium of communication for raising awareness about blood donation.
It is recommended that extensive blood donation campaigning should be initiated, targeting the campaigns to eliminate specific misbeliefs and reinforce motivational perceptions. Blood centres should implement strategies to improve donor retention and should aim to provide a pleasant donation experience, regardless of the donor type. The idea of voluntary blood donation needs to be intensively promoted.
为了在招募捐赠者领域开展有针对性的干预措施，需要了解有关献血的现有知识、态度和信念。招募者在实施干预措施时应注意不同人口统计学群体的差异。
对 400 名自愿献血者、替代献血者和非献血者进行了自我管理问卷和面对面访谈，以评估他们对献血的知识、态度和信念，以及他们献血的动机。使用方差分析和 c2 检验对数据进行分析。
非献血者（40.75%）不献血的最常见原因是“没有人要求他们献血”。与替代献血者相比，自愿献血者的献血体验更愉快，因此更愿意再次献血（89.5%）。非献血者的知识得分低于献血者，而在后者中，自愿献血者的得分高于替代献血者。意料之中的是，非献血者的错误信念频率最高（22.75%），最常见的误解是献血与不孕有关。研究发现，电视是提高献血意识最有效的沟通媒介。
建议广泛开展献血宣传活动，针对消除特定错误信念和加强动机认知的宣传活动。血库应实施提高献血者保留率的策略，并应旨在提供愉快的献血体验，而不论献血者类型如何。需要大力推广自愿献血的理念。
