Dipartimento di Ambiente e Connessa Prevenzione Primaria, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2012;48(4):473-87. doi: 10.4415/ANN_12_04_13.
Change in climate and water cycle will challenge water availability but it will also increase the exposure to unsafe water. Floods, droughts, heavy storms, changes in rain pattern, increase of temperature and sea level, they all show an increasing trend worldwide and will affect biological, physical and chemical components of water through different paths thus enhancing the risk of waterborne diseases. This paper is intended, through reviewing the available literature, to highlight environmental changes and critical situations caused by floods, drought and warmer temperature that will lead to an increase of exposure to water related pathogens, chemical hazards and cyanotoxins. The final aim is provide knowledge-based elements for more focused adaptation measures.
气候变化和水循环的改变将挑战水资源的可获得性，但也会增加接触不安全水的风险。洪水、干旱、强风暴、降雨模式的改变、温度和海平面的上升，这些现象在全球范围内都呈上升趋势，它们将通过不同途径影响水的生物、物理和化学组成，从而增加水传播疾病的风险。本文旨在通过回顾现有文献，强调洪水、干旱和更高温度引起的环境变化和危急情况，这些变化将导致更多人接触到与水有关的病原体、化学危害和蓝藻毒素。最终目的是为更有针对性的适应措施提供基于知识的要素。
