Kolbo Jerome R, Zhang Lei, Molaison Elaine Fontenot, Harbaugh Bonnie L, Hudson Geoffrey M, Armstrong Mary G, Werle Nichole
The University of Southern Mississippi, School of Social Work, 118 College Drive #5114, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA.
J Miss State Med Assoc. 2012 May;53(5):140-6.
This study estimated the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mississippi public school students in grades K - 12 and assessed changes in the prevalence between 2005 and 2011. In 2011, Body Mass Index was calculated using measured height and weight data for a weighted representative sample of 4,235 public school students. Additional analyses compared 2011 prevalence estimates by gender, race, and grade levels and for changes between 2005 and 2011. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among public school students no longer appears to be increasing although a significant downward trend was not observed (p = 0.0845), and rates remain higher than national averages. In 2011, the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity for all students in grades K - 12 was 40.9% as compared to 42.4% in 2009, 42.1% in 2007 and 43.9% in 2005. Significant decreases in overweight and obesity were found among white students and elementary school student groups from 2005 to 2011. White students' combined rates fell from 40.6% in 2005 to 34.8% in 2011 (p = 0.0006). Similarly, combined rates in elementary school students dropped from 43.0% in 2005 to 37.3% in 2011 (p = 0.0045). In 2011, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was significantly lower among white students than black students (p < 0.001) and significantly lower among white female students than black female students at all three grade levels. These findings are discussed in light of recent statewide educational initiatives and health disparities. Implications for future practice, policy, and research are presented.
本研究估算了密西西比州K - 12年级公立学校学生超重和肥胖的患病率，并评估了2005年至2011年间患病率的变化情况。2011年，利用4235名公立学校学生的加权代表性样本的测量身高和体重数据计算了体重指数。进一步分析比较了2011年按性别、种族和年级水平划分的患病率估算值以及2005年至2011年间的变化情况。公立学校学生超重和肥胖的患病率似乎不再上升，尽管未观察到显著的下降趋势（p = 0.0845），且患病率仍高于全国平均水平。2011年，K - 12年级所有学生超重和肥胖的合并患病率为40.9%，而2009年为42.4%，2007年为42.1%，2005年为43.9%。2005年至2011年间，白人学生和小学生群体中超重和肥胖率显著下降。白人学生的合并患病率从2005年的40.6%降至2011年的34.8%（p = 0.0006）。同样，小学生的合并患病率从2005年的43.0%降至2011年的37.3%（p = 0.0045）。2011年，白人学生超重和肥胖的患病率显著低于黑人学生（p < 0.001），在所有三个年级水平上，白人女学生超重和肥胖的患病率也显著低于黑人女学生。根据该州近期的教育举措和健康差异对这些发现进行了讨论。并提出了对未来实践、政策和研究的启示。
