Department of Health Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Psychol Health. 2013;28(5):579-92. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2012.753072. Epub 2012 Dec 24.
Applying the health action process approach (HAPA) to vaccination behaviour as a single-event health behaviour to study vaccination adherence and its predictors in a worksite flu vaccination programme.
A total of N = 823 employees participated in a longitudinal survey. Predictors (risk perception, self-efficacy, positive and negative outcome expectancies, intention and planning) were assessed at Time 1, and behaviour was assessed five months later at Time 2. Intention and planning were specified as mediators in a path analytical logistic regression model.
Risk perception, self-efficacy and positive as well as negative outcome expectancies predicted intention (R² = .76). Intention and planning predicted subsequent behaviour, and planning mediated the relation between intention and vaccination behaviour (R² = .67). In addition, results suggested the adjustment of the theoretical model: risk perception and negative outcome expectancies showed direct effects on behaviour resulting in a significantly better model fit.
Findings support the general applicability of the HAPA to vaccination behaviour and the importance of planning for translating intentions into behaviour. However, the adjusted model was superior and underlined the particular role of risk perception and negative outcome expectancies for vaccination behaviour to explain underlying mechanisms in vaccination behaviour.
将健康行动过程方法（HAPA）应用于疫苗接种行为作为单一事件的健康行为，以研究工作场所流感疫苗接种计划中的疫苗接种依从性及其预测因素。
共有 823 名员工参与了一项纵向调查。在时间 1 时评估了预测因素（风险感知、自我效能、积极和消极的结果预期、意图和计划），五个月后在时间 2 时评估了行为。意图和计划被指定为路径分析逻辑回归模型中的中介。
风险感知、自我效能和积极以及消极的结果预期预测了意图（R²=0.76）。意图和计划预测了随后的行为，计划介导了意图和疫苗接种行为之间的关系（R²=0.67）。此外，结果表明对理论模型进行了调整：风险感知和消极的结果预期对行为有直接影响，导致模型拟合度显著提高。
研究结果支持 HAPA 对疫苗接种行为的普遍适用性以及计划在将意图转化为行为方面的重要性。然而，调整后的模型更为优越，强调了风险感知和消极的结果预期对疫苗接种行为的特殊作用，以解释疫苗接种行为的潜在机制。
