Department of Work and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Work and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Hosp Infect. 2015 Mar;89(3):202-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.11.009. Epub 2014 Dec 16.
Influenza vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs) is recommended to prevent the transmission of influenza to vulnerable patients. Nevertheless, vaccination coverage rates of HCWs in European countries have been low.
To investigate the relative and combined strength of sociocognitive variables, from past research, theory and a qualitative study, in explaining the motivation of HCWs to receive the influenza vaccine.
An anonymous, online questionnaire was distributed among HCWs in hospital settings in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands between February and April 2013.
Attitude and past vaccination uptake explained a considerable amount of variance in the intention of HCWs to receive the influenza vaccine. Moreover, low perceived social norms, omission bias, low moral norms, being older, having no patient contact, and being Belgian or Dutch (compared with German) increased the probability of having no intention to receive the influenza vaccine compared with being undecided about vaccination. High intention to receive the influenza vaccine was shown to be more likely than being undecided about vaccination when HCWs had high perceived susceptibility of contracting influenza, low naturalistic views, and lower motivation to receive the vaccine solely for self-protection.
Country-specific interventions and a focus on different sociocognitive variables depending on the intention/lack of intention of HCWs to receive the influenza vaccine may be beneficial to promote vaccination uptake.
建议医护人员（HCWs）接种流感疫苗，以防止流感病毒传播给弱势患者。然而，欧洲国家 HCWs 的疫苗接种覆盖率一直很低。
调查来自过去研究、理论和定性研究的社会认知变量的相对和综合强度，以解释 HCWs 接种流感疫苗的动机。
2013 年 2 月至 4 月期间，在比利时、德国和荷兰的医院环境中，向 HCWs 分发了一份匿名在线问卷。
态度和过去的疫苗接种率解释了 HCWs 接种流感疫苗意愿的很大一部分差异。此外，低感知社会规范、疏忽偏差、低道德规范、年龄较大、没有患者接触，以及是比利时或荷兰人（与德国人相比），与犹豫不决相比，增加了没有接种流感疫苗的意愿的可能性。与犹豫不决相比，HCWs 接种流感疫苗的意愿较高，当他们认为自己感染流感的易感性高、自然观较低，并且接种疫苗的动机仅仅是为了自我保护时，接种疫苗的意愿就会更高。
根据 HCWs 接种流感疫苗的意愿/缺乏意愿，针对不同国家的具体干预措施和关注不同的社会认知变量，可能有助于促进疫苗接种。
