Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University Cape Town, South Africa.
Front Psychol. 2012 Dec 26;3:568. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00568. eCollection 2012.
Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) studies of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents are limited. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) have been best studied in this regard. We systematically reviewed structural neuroimaging findings in pediatric PTSD and OCD.
The literature was reviewed for all sMRI studies examining volumetric parameters using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and PsychInfo databases, with no limit on the time frame of publication. Nine studies in pediatric PTSD and six in OCD were suitable for inclusion.
Volumetric findings were inconsistent in both disorders. In PTSD, findings suggest increased as well as decreased volumes of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and corpus callosum; whilst in OCD studies indicate volumetric increase of the putamen, with inconsistent findings for the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and frontal regions.
Methodological differences may account for some of this inconsistency and additional volume-based studies in pediatric anxiety disorders using more uniform approaches are needed.
儿童和青少年焦虑障碍的结构磁共振成像（sMRI）研究有限。在这方面，创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和强迫症（OCD）的研究最多。我们系统地回顾了儿科 PTSD 和 OCD 的结构神经影像学研究结果。
我们在 PubMed、ScienceDirect 和 PsychInfo 数据库中检索了所有使用 sMRI 研究体积参数的文献，对出版时间没有限制。共有 9 项 PTSD 儿科研究和 6 项 OCD 研究适合纳入。
两种疾病的体积研究结果不一致。在 PTSD 中，研究结果表明前额叶皮层（PFC）和胼胝体的体积增加或减少；而在 OCD 研究中，发现壳核体积增加，而前扣带皮层（ACC）和额叶区域的研究结果不一致。
方法学差异可能是造成这种不一致的部分原因，需要使用更统一的方法对儿科焦虑障碍进行更多基于体积的研究。
