Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
Epileptic Disord. 2012 Dec;14(4):349-62. doi: 10.1684/epd.2012.0539.
Photosensitivity is a genetically determined trait that may be asymptomatic throughout life or manifest with epileptic seizures. Photosensitivity usually begins before the age of 20 years with a peak age at onset at around 12. Both natural and artificial light may trigger seizures. Precise investigation must be carried out by intermittent photic stimulation that can elicit a clearly defined EEG response; video-EEG samples are reported to illustrate the various determinants of response and the main factors altering the effectiveness of intermittent photic stimulation. Management of photosensitive epilepsy includes non-pharmacological (e.g. avoidance of the provocative stimuli and wearing appropriate tinted glass) and pharmacological treatment. This review focuses on the emerging aspects of photosensitivity, in particular, the new guidelines for intermittent photic stimulation and briefly addresses epidemiological (in non-epileptic and epileptic subjects), genetic, diagnostic, and therapeutic issues. [Published with video sequences].
光敏性是一种由基因决定的特征，可能终生无症状，也可能表现为癫痫发作。光敏性通常在 20 岁之前开始，发病高峰年龄在 12 岁左右。自然光和人工光都可能引发癫痫发作。必须通过间歇性光刺激进行精确的调查，这种刺激可以引起明确的脑电图反应；视频脑电图样本被用来说明反应的各种决定因素和改变间歇性光刺激效果的主要因素。光敏性癫痫的治疗包括非药物治疗（例如避免刺激性刺激和佩戴适当的有色眼镜）和药物治疗。本综述重点介绍了光敏性的新进展，特别是间歇性光刺激的新指南，并简要介绍了流行病学（在非癫痫和癫痫患者中）、遗传学、诊断和治疗方面的问题。[附有视频序列]。
