Centre for Digestive Diseases, Blizard Institute of Cell & Molecular Science, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2013 Jan;25(1):4-15. doi: 10.1111/nmo.12046.
The microbial community of the human gut - the enteric microbiota - plays a critical role in functions that sustain health and is a positive asset in host defenses. In recent years, our understanding of this so-called human 'super organism' has advanced, following characterization of fecal metagenomes which identified three core bacterial enterotypes, and based on basic and clinical research into the impact and consequences of microbiota biodiversity and change on gastrointestinal disorders and diseases.
This article considers current knowledge and future perspectives on the make-up and function of human gut microbiota, with a particular focus on altered microbiota and gastrointestinal disorders, nutritional influences on the gut microbiota, and the consequences for gastrointestinal health, as well as improved understanding of gut-microbiota-brain communication.
人类肠道中的微生物群落——肠道微生物群——在维持健康的功能中起着关键作用，是宿主防御的积极因素。近年来，我们对这个所谓的人类“超级生物体”的理解有了进展，这是在对粪便宏基因组进行特征描述之后得出的，粪便宏基因组确定了三种核心细菌肠型，并基于对微生物多样性和变化对胃肠道疾病和疾病的影响和后果的基础和临床研究。
本文考虑了人类肠道微生物组的组成和功能的现有知识和未来展望，特别关注改变的微生物组和胃肠道疾病、营养对肠道微生物组的影响以及对胃肠道健康的后果，以及对肠道微生物群-大脑通讯的更好理解。
