University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium.
BMC Psychiatry. 2013 Jan 3;13:5. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-13-5.
Patients with schizophrenia report muscle weakness. The relation of this muscle weakness with performing daily life activities such as walking is however not yet studied. The aim of this study was to quantify walking capacity and health related muscular fitness in patients with schizophrenia compared with age-, gender and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls. Secondly, we identified variables that could explain the variability in walking capacity and in health related muscular fitness in patients with schizophrenia.
A total of 100 patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy volunteers were initially screened. Eighty patients with schizophrenia (36.8±10.0 years) and the 40 age-, gender- and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy volunteers (37.1±10.3 years) were finally included. All participants performed a standing broad jump test (SBJ) and a six-minute walk test (6MWT) and filled out the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Patients additionally had a fasting metabolic laboratory screening and were assessed for psychiatric symptoms.
Patients with schizophrenia did have lower 6MWT (17.9%, p<0.001) [effect size (ES)=-1.01] and SBJ (14.1%, p<0.001) (ES=-0.57) scores. Patients were also less physically active (1291.0±1201.8 metabolic equivalent-minutes/week versus 2463.1±1365.3, p<0.001) (ES=-0.91) than controls. Schizophrenia patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) (35%) had a 23.9% lower (p<0.001) SBJ-score and 22.4% (p<0.001) lower 6MWT-score than those without MetS. In multiple regression analysis, 71.8% of the variance in 6MWT was explained by muscular fitness, BMI, presence of MetS and physical activity participation, while 53.9% of the variance in SBJ-score was explained by age, illness duration, BMI and physical activity participation.
The walking capacity and health-related muscular fitness are impaired in patients with schizophrenia and both should be a major focus in daily clinical practice and future research.
精神分裂症患者报告肌肉无力。然而，这种肌肉无力与行走等日常生活活动的关系尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是定量比较精神分裂症患者与年龄、性别和体重指数（BMI）匹配的健康对照组的行走能力和与健康相关的肌肉功能。其次，我们确定了可以解释精神分裂症患者行走能力和与健康相关的肌肉功能变化的变量。
最初筛选了 100 名精神分裂症患者和 40 名健康志愿者。最终纳入 80 名精神分裂症患者（36.8±10.0 岁）和 40 名年龄、性别和 BMI 匹配的健康志愿者（37.1±10.3 岁）。所有参与者都进行了站立跳远测试（SBJ）和六分钟步行测试（6MWT），并填写了国际体力活动问卷。患者还进行了空腹代谢实验室筛查，并评估了精神症状。
精神分裂症患者的 6MWT（17.9%，p<0.001）[效应量（ES）=-1.01]和 SBJ（14.1%，p<0.001）（ES=-0.57）得分较低。与对照组相比，患者的身体活动量也较少（1291.0±1201.8 代谢当量分钟/周与 2463.1±1365.3，p<0.001）（ES=-0.91）。患有代谢综合征（MetS）（35%）的精神分裂症患者的 SBJ 评分低 23.9%（p<0.001），6MWT 评分低 22.4%（p<0.001）。在多元回归分析中，6MWT 的 71.8%的方差由肌肉功能、BMI、MetS 的存在和身体活动参与度来解释，而 SBJ 评分的 53.9%的方差由年龄、疾病持续时间、BMI 和身体活动参与度来解释。
精神分裂症患者的行走能力和与健康相关的肌肉功能受损，这两者都应该是日常临床实践和未来研究的重点。
