Mirhosseini Hamed, Amid Bahareh Tabatabaee
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Chem Cent J. 2013 Jan 4;7(1):1. doi: 10.1186/1752-153X-7-1.
A natural carbohydrate biopolymer was extracted from the agricultural biomass waste (durian seed). Subsequently, the crude biopolymer was purified by using the saturated barium hydroxide to minimize the impurities. Finally, the effect of different drying techniques on the flow characteristics and functional properties of the purified biopolymer was investigated. The present study elucidated the main functional characteristics such as flow characteristics, water- and oil-holding capacity, solubility, and foaming capacity.
In most cases except for oven drying, the bulk density decreased, thus increasing the porosity. This might be attributed to the increase in the inter-particle voids of smaller sized particles with larger contact surface areas per unit volume. The current study revealed that oven-dried gum and freeze-dried gum had the highest and lowest compressibility index, thus indicating the weakest and strongest flowability among all samples. In the present work, the freeze-dried gum showed the lowest angle of repose, bulk, tapped and true density. This indicates the highest porosity degree of freeze dried gum among dried seed gums. It also exhibited the highest solubility, and foaming capacity thus providing the most desirable functional properties and flow characteristics among all drying techniques.
The present study revealed that freeze drying among all drying techniques provided the most desirable functional properties and flow characteristics for durian seed gum.
从农业生物质废弃物（榴莲籽）中提取了一种天然碳水化合物生物聚合物。随后，使用饱和氢氧化钡对粗生物聚合物进行纯化，以尽量减少杂质。最后，研究了不同干燥技术对纯化后生物聚合物的流动特性和功能特性的影响。本研究阐明了主要功能特性，如流动特性、持水和持油能力、溶解性和发泡能力。
在大多数情况下，除了烘箱干燥外，堆积密度降低，从而增加了孔隙率。这可能归因于单位体积内具有较大接触表面积的较小尺寸颗粒之间的颗粒间空隙增加。当前研究表明，烘箱干燥的胶和冷冻干燥的胶具有最高和最低的压缩指数，因此表明在所有样品中流动性最弱和最强。在本工作中，冷冻干燥的胶显示出最低的休止角、堆积密度、振实密度和真密度。这表明在干燥的种子胶中，冷冻干燥的胶孔隙率最高。它还表现出最高的溶解性和发泡能力，因此在所有干燥技术中提供了最理想的功能特性和流动特性。
本研究表明，在所有干燥技术中，冷冻干燥为榴莲籽胶提供了最理想的功能特性和流动特性。
