United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, 2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. B, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA.
Prev Vet Med. 2013 Jul 1;110(3-4):481-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.12.004. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
Raising chickens in urban settings is a growing phenomenon in the United States. The United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) conducted a cross-sectional study to better understand health and management of privately owned chicken flocks, and Salmonella awareness among chicken owners, in three urban settings-Denver, Colorado; Los Angeles, California; and Miami, Florida. Feed stores in each city were visited by data collectors during summer 2010, and customers who owned chickens were asked to complete a questionnaire. A convenience sample of 449 feed store customers was selected, and 382 (85.1%) customers participated in the study. For analysis, a stratified random sample was assumed, with the strata being individual feed stores. Median flock sizes were 5, 11 and 19 chickens in Denver, Los Angeles and Miami, respectively. In all three cities, over three-fourths of flocks contained table egg chicken breeds on the day the questionnaire was completed. In Denver, 20.4% of flocks had another species of bird present in addition to chickens, compared with 65.6% of flocks in Los Angeles and 53.6% of flocks in Miami. At the time of data collection in 2010, less than 50% of respondents in Miami and Los Angeles (40.0 and 30.2%, respectively) were aware of a connection between poultry contact, such as contact with chicks or ducks, and Salmonella infection in people, compared to 63.5% of respondents in Denver. Urban chicken flock owners who completed the questionnaire in English were more likely to be aware of the connection between poultry contact and Salmonella, compared with respondents who completed the questionnaire in Spanish (OR=3.5). The likelihood of Salmonella awareness was also higher for respondents who had heard of USDA's Biosecurity for Birds educational campaign and for respondents who sold or gave away eggs from their flocks (OR=2.5 and 2.8, respectively). Study findings demonstrate the importance of reaching the Spanish speaking population when creating educational outreach programs to reduce Salmonella infections in people who have live poultry contact.
在美国，在城市环境中饲养鸡是一种日益增长的现象。美国农业部（USDA）的国家动物健康监测系统（NAHMS）进行了一项横断面研究，以更好地了解私人拥有的鸡群的健康和管理情况，以及城市环境中鸡主人对沙门氏菌的认识，这三个城市分别是科罗拉多州丹佛市、加利福尼亚州洛杉矶市和佛罗里达州迈阿密市。在 2010 年夏天，数据收集员访问了每个城市的饲料店，询问拥有鸡的顾客是否愿意完成一份问卷。从 449 名饲料店顾客中选择了一个方便样本，其中 382 名（85.1%）顾客参与了研究。为了进行分析，假设采用分层随机抽样，分层为各个饲料店。丹佛、洛杉矶和迈阿密的鸡群中位数分别为 5、11 和 19 只。在这三个城市，超过四分之三的鸡群在完成问卷调查当天含有食用鸡蛋的鸡种。在丹佛，除了鸡以外，还有 20.4%的鸡群中还有其他鸟类，而在洛杉矶，这一比例为 65.6%，在迈阿密，这一比例为 53.6%。在 2010 年收集数据时，迈阿密和洛杉矶（分别为 40.0%和 30.2%）不到 50%的受访者意识到与家禽接触（如与小鸡或鸭子接触）与人类感染沙门氏菌之间存在联系，而丹佛的这一比例为 63.5%。用英语完成问卷的城市鸡群所有者比用西班牙语完成问卷的受访者更有可能意识到家禽接触与沙门氏菌之间的联系（OR=3.5）。听说过 USDA 的鸟类生物安全教育活动的受访者以及出售或赠送鸡群鸡蛋的受访者（OR=2.5 和 2.8），他们对沙门氏菌的认识也更高。研究结果表明，在制定教育推广计划以减少与活禽接触的人感染沙门氏菌时，必须关注讲西班牙语的人群。
