United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Veterinary Services (VS), Harrisburg, PA, USA.
Department of Public Health, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2020 May;67(3):280-290. doi: 10.1111/zph.12686. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
Owners of small backyard poultry and swine operations may be at higher risk of zoonotic diseases due to husbandry inexperience and/or a lack of knowledge. Backyard poultry and swine owners in southcentral Pennsylvania were surveyed regarding their knowledge and attitudes towards zoonotic disease prevention. One hundred and six backyard poultry and/or swine owners completed the survey (74 poultry, 15 swine, 17 both), which included questions on demographics, flock/herd characteristics, recognition of selected zoonotic diseases and clinical signs in animals, and biosecurity practices for visitors and owners. Most responded that they were aware of avian (92.2%) and swine (84.4%) influenza, and were less aware of other zoonotic diseases such as salmonellosis and brucellosis. The majority of backyard poultry and swine owners combined (62.9%) reported allowing visitors freely around their animals and did not require any special precautions. Backyard poultry and swine owners most commonly reported rarely (32.7%) or never (28.9%) wearing work gloves and never (57.1%) wearing nose/mouth coverings, such as a respirator mask, while handling animals or manure. The study findings indicated that veterinarians (61.5%) and the Internet (50.0%) are the main sources where small-scale farm producers seek animal disease information. Approximately one-third (34.9%) of the respondents reported receiving seasonal influenza vaccine. The findings of this study will be utilized to provide targeted veterinary and public health education for the prevention of zoonotic diseases in backyard farm animal settings in Pennsylvania.
由于养殖经验不足和/或缺乏相关知识，小规模后院禽畜养殖者感染人畜共患病的风险可能更高。本研究对宾夕法尼亚州中南部的后院禽畜养殖者进行了有关人畜共患病预防知识和态度的调查。共有 106 名后院禽畜（74 户养禽，15 户养猪，17 户兼养禽畜）养殖者完成了问卷调查，内容包括人口统计学特征、禽畜群特征、对选定人畜共患病和动物临床症状的认识、访客和养殖者的生物安全措施。大多数受访者表示，他们了解禽流感（92.2%）和猪流感（84.4%），而对其他人畜共患病如沙门氏菌病和布鲁氏菌病的了解较少。大多数后院禽畜养殖者（62.9%）允许访客自由出入禽畜圈舍，且无需采取任何特殊预防措施。大部分后院禽畜养殖者（32.7%）很少或从未（28.9%）在处理禽畜或粪便时戴工作手套，从未（57.1%）戴口鼻罩，如呼吸面罩。研究结果表明，兽医（61.5%）和互联网（50.0%）是小型农场生产者获取动物疾病信息的主要来源。约三分之一（34.9%）的受访者报告称已接种季节性流感疫苗。本研究结果将用于针对宾夕法尼亚州后院禽畜养殖环境中的人畜共患病，为养殖者提供有针对性的兽医和公共卫生教育。
