Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Sarah W Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Semin Immunol. 2012 Dec;24(6):405-13. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2012.12.002. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
Immunological function requires metabolic support to suit the needs of lymphocytes at a variety of distinct differentiation and activation states. It is now evident that the signaling pathways that drive lymphocyte survival and activity can directly control cellular metabolism. This linkage provides a mechanism by which activation and specific signaling pathways provide a supply of appropriate and required nutrients to support cell functions in a pro-active supply rather than consumption-based metabolic model. In this way, the metabolism and fuel choices of lymphocytes are guided to specifically match the anticipated needs. If the fuel choice or metabolic pathways of lymphocytes are dysregulated, however, metabolic checkpoints can become activated to disrupt immunological function. These changes are now shown in several immunological diseases and may open new opportunities to selectively enhance or suppress specific immune functions through targeting of glucose, lipid, or amino acid metabolism.
免疫功能需要代谢支持来满足各种不同分化和激活状态的淋巴细胞的需求。现在很明显，驱动淋巴细胞存活和活性的信号通路可以直接控制细胞代谢。这种联系提供了一种机制，通过该机制，激活和特定信号通路提供适当和必需的营养物质供应，以支持细胞在积极供应而不是基于消耗的代谢模型中的功能。通过这种方式，淋巴细胞的代谢和燃料选择被引导以专门匹配预期的需求。然而，如果淋巴细胞的燃料选择或代谢途径失调，代谢检查点就会被激活，从而破坏免疫功能。这些变化现在在几种免疫性疾病中得到了证实，并且可能通过靶向葡萄糖、脂质或氨基酸代谢来提供选择性增强或抑制特定免疫功能的新机会。
