Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, NE, USA.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2012 Dec 28;6:61. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2012.00061. eCollection 2012.
Dendrites are key integrators of synaptic information in neurons and play vital roles in neuronal plasticity. Hence, it is necessary that dendrite arborization is precisely controlled and coordinated with synaptic activity to ensure appropriate functional neural network integrity. In the past several years, it has become increasingly clear that several cell intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms contribute to dendritic arborization. In this review, we will discuss some of the molecular mechanisms that regulate dendrite morphogenesis, particularly in cortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurons and some of the implications of aberrant dendritic morphology for human disease. Finally, we will discuss the current challenges and future directions in the field.
树突是神经元中突触信息的主要整合者，在神经元可塑性中起着至关重要的作用。因此，有必要精确控制树突分支的生长，并与突触活动相协调，以确保适当的功能性神经网络的完整性。在过去的几年中，越来越清楚的是，有几种细胞内在和外在的机制有助于树突分支的生长。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论一些调节树突形态发生的分子机制，特别是在皮质和海马锥体神经元中，以及异常树突形态对人类疾病的一些影响。最后，我们将讨论该领域当前的挑战和未来的方向。
