Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Feb;97(4):1441-55. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4651-6. Epub 2013 Jan 8.
Immobilization is one of the great tools for developing economically and ecologically available biocatalysts and can be applied for both enzymes and whole cells. Much research dealing with the immobilization of Escherichia coli has been published in the past two decades. E. coli in the form of immobilized biocatalyst catalyzes many interesting reactions and has been used mainly in laboratories, but also on an industrial scale, leading to the production of valuable substances. It has the potential to be applied in many fields of modern biotechnology. This paper aims to give a general overview of immobilization techniques and matrices suitable mostly for entrapment, encapsulation, and adsorption, which have been most frequently used for the immobilization of E. coli. An extensive analysis reviewing the history and current state of immobilized E. coli catalyzing different types of biotransformations is provided. The review is organized according to the enzymes expressed in immobilized E. coli, which were grouped into main enzyme classes. The industrial applications of immobilized E. coli biocatalyst are also discussed.
固定化是开发经济和生态可用的生物催化剂的重要工具之一，可用于酶和整个细胞。在过去的二十年中，已经发表了大量关于大肠杆菌固定化的研究。固定化生物催化剂形式的大肠杆菌催化许多有趣的反应，主要在实验室中使用，但也在工业规模上使用，导致有价值物质的生产。它有可能应用于现代生物技术的许多领域。本文旨在概述适用于包埋、封装和吸附的固定化技术和基质，这些技术和基质最常用于大肠杆菌的固定化。提供了对固定化大肠杆菌催化不同类型生物转化的历史和现状的广泛分析。综述根据固定化大肠杆菌中表达的酶进行组织，这些酶被分为主要的酶类。还讨论了固定化大肠杆菌生物催化剂的工业应用。
