Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Ethn Health. 2013;18(4):415-32. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2012.754407. Epub 2013 Jan 9.
This article examines the antecedents and consequences of bullying victimization among a sample of Hispanic high school students. Although cultural and familial variables have been examined as potential risk or protective factors for substance use and depression, previous studies have not examined the role of peer victimization in these processes. We evaluated a conceptual model in which cultural and familial factors influenced the risk of victimization, which in turn influenced the risk of substance use and depression.
Data were collected as part of a longitudinal survey study of 9th and 10th grade Hispanic/Latino students in Southern California (n = 1167). The student bodies were at least 70% Hispanic/Latino with a range of socioeconomic characteristics represented. We used linear and logistic regression models to test hypothesized relationships between cultural and familial factors and depression and substance use. We used a mediational model to assess whether bullying victimization mediated these associations.
Acculturative stress and family cohesion were significantly associated with bullying victimization. Family cohesion was associate d with depression and substance use. Social support was associated with alcohol use. Acculturative stress was associated with higher depression. The associations between acculturative stress and depression, family cohesion and depression, and family cohesion and cigarette use were mediated by bullying victimization.
These findings provide valuable information to the growing, but still limited, literature about the cultural barriers and strengths that are intrinsic to the transition from adolescence to emerging adulthood among Hispanic youth. Our findings are consistent with a mediational model in which cultural/familial factors influence the risk of peer victimization, which in turn influences depressive symptoms and smoking, suggesting the potential positive benefits of school-based programs that facilitate the development of coping skills for students experiencing cultural and familial stressors.
本文考察了西班牙裔高中生群体中欺凌受害的前因后果。尽管文化和家庭变量已被视为物质使用和抑郁的潜在风险或保护因素，但先前的研究并未考察同伴受害在这些过程中的作用。我们评估了一个概念模型，其中文化和家庭因素影响受害风险，而受害风险又影响物质使用和抑郁的风险。
数据是作为南加州 9 年级和 10 年级西班牙裔/拉丁裔学生的纵向调查研究的一部分收集的（n=1167）。学生群体至少有 70%是西班牙裔/拉丁裔，代表了各种社会经济特征。我们使用线性和逻辑回归模型来检验文化和家庭因素与抑郁和物质使用之间的假设关系。我们使用中介模型来评估欺凌受害是否中介了这些关联。
文化适应压力和家庭凝聚力与欺凌受害显著相关。家庭凝聚力与抑郁和物质使用有关。社会支持与酒精使用有关。文化适应压力与更高的抑郁有关。文化适应压力与抑郁、家庭凝聚力与抑郁以及家庭凝聚力与吸烟之间的关联受欺凌受害的中介作用。
这些发现为关于西班牙裔青年从青春期到成年早期过渡过程中内在的文化障碍和优势的不断增长但仍然有限的文献提供了有价值的信息。我们的发现与一个中介模型一致，该模型认为文化/家庭因素影响同伴受害的风险，而同伴受害的风险又影响抑郁症状和吸烟，这表明以学校为基础的项目具有潜在的积极意义，这些项目为面临文化和家庭压力的学生提供了应对技能的发展。
