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2009 年 H1N1 流感大流行:威胁、应对和媒体信任对加拿大疫苗接种意愿的作用。

The 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic: the role of threat, coping, and media trust on vaccination intentions in Canada.

机构信息

Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

出版信息

J Health Commun. 2013;18(3):278-90. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2012.727960. Epub 2013 Jan 10.

Abstract

Swine flu (H1N1) reached pandemic proportions in 2009, yet ambivalence was met concerning intentions to be vaccinated. The present investigation determined predictors of perceived H1N1 contraction risk and vaccination intentions among Canadian adults (N = 1,027) responding to an online questionnaire. The relatively low rate of vaccination intent (30.12%, and 34.99% being unsure of their intent) was related to a sense of invulnerability regarding illness contraction and symptom severity. Most individuals were skeptical that H1N1 would be widespread, believing that less than 10% of the population would contract H1N1. Yet, they also indicated that their attitudes would change once a single person they knew contracted the illness. Also, worry regarding H1N1 was related to self-contraction risk and odds of individuals seeking vaccination. Moreover, vaccination intent was related to the perception that the threat was not particularly great, mistrust of the media to provide accurate information regarding H1N1, and whether individuals endorsed problem-focused versus avoidant coping strategies. Given the role media plays in public perceptions related to a health crisis, trust in this outlet and credibility regarding the threat are necessary for adherence to recommended measures to minimize health risk.

摘要

2009 年,猪流感(H1N1)达到大流行程度,但人们对接种疫苗的意愿存在矛盾。本研究通过在线问卷,调查了加拿大成年人(N=1027)对 H1N1 感染风险的认知和接种意愿的预测因素。接种意愿的比例相对较低(30.12%,34.99%不确定自己的意愿)与对感染疾病和症状严重程度的不易感性有关。大多数人怀疑 H1N1 会广泛传播,认为不到 10%的人口会感染 H1N1。然而,一旦他们认识的人感染了这种疾病,他们也表示自己的态度会改变。此外,对 H1N1 的担忧与自我感染风险以及个人寻求接种疫苗的可能性有关。此外,接种意愿与对威胁不特别大的看法、对媒体提供有关 H1N1 的准确信息的不信任,以及个人是否认可问题焦点型而非回避型应对策略有关。鉴于媒体在与健康危机相关的公众认知中所扮演的角色,对这一渠道的信任以及对威胁的可信度是遵循建议措施以尽量减少健康风险的必要条件。

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