Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, McMaster University, 237 Barton St. E., Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada.
Thromb Haemost. 2013 Mar;109(3):421-30. doi: 10.1160/TH12-07-0465. Epub 2013 Jan 10.
There is mounting evidence that zinc, the second most abundant transition metal in blood, is an important mediator of haemostasis and thrombosis. Prompted by the observation that zinc deficiency is associated with bleeding and clotting abnormalities, there now is evidence that zinc serves as an effector of coagulation, anticoagulation and fibrinolysis. Zinc binds numerous plasma proteins and modulates their structure and function. Because activated platelets secrete zinc into the local microenvironment, the concentration of zinc increases in the vicinity of a thrombus. Consequently, the role of zinc varies depending on the microenvironment; a feature that endows zinc with the capacity to spatially and temporally regulate haemostasis and thrombosis. This paper reviews the mechanisms by which zinc regulates coagulation, platelet aggregation, anticoagulation and fibrinolysis and outlines how zinc serves as a ubiquitous modulator of haemostasis and thrombosis.
越来越多的证据表明，锌是血液中第二丰富的过渡金属，是止血和血栓形成的重要介质。锌缺乏与出血和凝血异常有关，这一观察结果促使人们认识到锌是凝血、抗凝和纤溶的效应物。锌结合许多血浆蛋白并调节其结构和功能。由于活化的血小板将锌分泌到局部微环境中，因此在血栓附近锌的浓度增加。因此，锌的作用取决于微环境；这一特征赋予锌在空间和时间上调节止血和血栓形成的能力。本文综述了锌调节凝血、血小板聚集、抗凝和纤溶的机制，并概述了锌如何作为止血和血栓形成的普遍调节剂。
