Maniecka-Bryła Irena, Pikala Małgorzata, Bryła Marek
Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Chair of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University, Łódź, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2012;19(4):723-31.
The aim of the study was to compare the state of health of the inhabitants of the countryside and city dwellers in the Łódź province, measured with the real and standardized death rate and years of life lost, as well as the analysis of causes of deaths distinguishing these two populations.
The study material included a database containing information gathered from 313,144 death certificates of the inhabitants of Łódź province who died between 1999-2008. Real and standardized death rates were determined. The standardization was carried out by a direct method. The Standard Expected Years of Life Lost (SEYLL method) was used to compute years of life lost. Analysis of time trends of death rates and life span in the Łódź province was conducted with jointpoint models. The intensity of mortality computed with standardized death rates in the province was higher in the countryside than in the city.
In 2008, the standardized death rate in the countryside was 904.5 per 100,000 inhabitants, and in the city - 903.4 per 100,000 inhabitants. Inhabitants of the countryside more often died of cardiovascular diseases (SDR=418.7 vs. 367.9) and from external causes (SDR=90.2 vs. 63); those from the city and towns died from malignant neoplasms (SDR=204.5 vs. 195.6) and diseases of the alimentary tract (SDR=55.6 vs. 34.6). In 2008, SEYLL calculation for 1,000 people was 204 years for the inhabitants of the city and towns and 190 years for the inhabitants of the countryside.
It is necessary to introduce more effective prophylactic and health promoting activities in order to lessen the differences in the state of health state in the Łódź province and the rest of the country.
本研究旨在通过实际死亡率、标准化死亡率以及寿命损失年数来比较罗兹省农村居民和城市居民的健康状况，并分析区分这两类人群的死亡原因。
研究材料包括一个数据库，其中包含从1999年至2008年间罗兹省居民的313,144份死亡证明中收集到的信息。确定了实际死亡率和标准化死亡率。标准化采用直接法进行。使用标准预期寿命损失年数（SEYLL法）来计算寿命损失年数。利用连接点模型对罗兹省的死亡率和寿命趋势进行了分析。该省农村地区按标准化死亡率计算的死亡强度高于城市。
2008年，农村地区的标准化死亡率为每10万居民904.5人，城市为每10万居民903.4人。农村居民更常死于心血管疾病（标准化死亡比=418.7对367.9）和外部原因（标准化死亡比=90.2对63）；城市和城镇居民死于恶性肿瘤（标准化死亡比=204.5对195.6）和消化道疾病（标准化死亡比=55.6对34.6）。2008年，城市和城镇居民每1000人的SEYLL计算值为204年，农村居民为190年。
有必要开展更有效的预防和促进健康活动，以缩小罗兹省与该国其他地区在健康状况方面的差异。
