Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1571, USA.
Metabolism. 2013 May;62(5):753-60. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.12.001. Epub 2013 Jan 10.
In cell systems, saturated fatty acids, compared to unsaturated fatty acids, induce a greater degree of ER stress and inflammatory signaling in a number of cell types, including hepatocytes and adipocytes. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of infusions of lard oil (enriched in saturated fatty acids) and soybean oil (enriched in unsaturated fatty acids) on liver and adipose tissue ER stress and inflammatory signaling in vivo.
Lipid emulsions containing glycerol, phosphatidylcholine, antibiotics (Control, n=7) and either soybean oil (Soybean, n=7) or lard oil (Lard, n=7) were infused intravenously into rats over a 4 h period.
Plasma free fatty acid levels were 0.5±0.1 mmol/L (mean±SD) in Control and were increased to 1.0±0.3 mmol/L and 1.1±0.3 mmol/L in Soybean and Lard, respectively. Glucose and insulin levels were not different among groups. Markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of inflammatory pathway signaling were increased in liver and adipose tissue from Soybean and Lard compared to Control, but were increased to a greater extent in Lard compared to Soybean.
These data suggest that elevated plasma free fatty acids can induce hepatic and adipose tissue ER stress and inflammation in vivo. In addition, saturated fatty acids appear to be more cytotoxic than unsaturated fatty acids in vivo.
在细胞系统中，与不饱和脂肪酸相比，饱和脂肪酸会在许多细胞类型中引起更大程度的内质网应激和炎症信号转导，包括肝细胞和脂肪细胞。本研究的目的是确定静脉输注猪油（富含饱和脂肪酸）和豆油（富含不饱和脂肪酸）对体内肝脏和脂肪组织内质网应激和炎症信号转导的影响。
含有甘油、磷脂酰胆碱、抗生素的脂质乳剂（对照，n=7）和豆油（大豆，n=7）或猪油（猪油，n=7）静脉输注到大鼠体内，持续 4 小时。
对照组血浆游离脂肪酸水平为 0.5±0.1mmol/L（均值±标准差），大豆和猪油组分别升高至 1.0±0.3mmol/L 和 1.1±0.3mmol/L。各组间血糖和胰岛素水平无差异。与对照组相比，大豆和猪油组肝脏和脂肪组织中的内质网（ER）应激和炎症途径信号转导激活标志物均增加，但与大豆相比，猪油组增加幅度更大。
这些数据表明，升高的血浆游离脂肪酸可在体内诱导肝和脂肪组织内质网应激和炎症。此外，与不饱和脂肪酸相比，饱和脂肪酸在体内似乎更具细胞毒性。
