Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Clin Immunol. 2013 Feb;146(2):112-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2012.12.001. Epub 2012 Dec 11.
The digestive tract hosts trillions of bacteria that interact with the immune system and can influence the balance between pro-inflammatory and regulatory immune responses. Recent studies suggest that alterations in the composition of the intestinal microbiota may be linked with the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Data from the biobreeding diabetes prone (BBDP) and the LEW1.WR1 models of T1D support the hypothesis that intestinal bacteria may be involved in early disease mechanisms. The data indicate that cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the innate immune system may be involved in islet destruction. Whether a causal link between intestinal microbiota and T1D exists, the identity of the bacteria and the mechanism whereby they promote the disease remain to be examined. A better understanding of the interplay between microbes and innate immune pathways in early disease stages holds promise for the design of immune interventions and disease prevention in genetically susceptible individuals.
消化道中栖息着数以万亿计的细菌，它们与免疫系统相互作用，并能影响促炎和调节性免疫反应之间的平衡。最近的研究表明，肠道微生物组的组成改变可能与 1 型糖尿病（T1D）的发展有关。来自于易感糖尿病生物繁殖（BBDP）和 1 型糖尿病的 LEW1.WR1 模型的数据支持了这样一种假设，即肠道细菌可能参与了早期疾病机制。这些数据表明，肠道菌群与先天免疫系统之间的相互作用可能与胰岛破坏有关。肠道菌群与 T1D 之间是否存在因果关系，细菌的种类以及它们促进疾病的机制仍有待研究。更好地了解微生物和先天免疫途径在早期疾病阶段的相互作用，有望为设计针对遗传易感个体的免疫干预和疾病预防措施提供帮助。
