Darus Christopher J, Mueller Jennifer J
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Mar;56(1):10-6. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e31827af770.
Cervical cancer is a global health crisis that disproportionately affects developing nations and underserved populations. Two vaccines targeting HPV-16 and 18, which account for 70% of invasive cervical carcinomas, are licensed in the United States and numerous countries worldwide. Both vaccine formulations have shown excellent efficacy with minimal toxicity. Numerous questions remain, including cost-effectiveness, vaccination of males, societal acceptance of HPV vaccination, and cervical dysplasia screening in the HPV-immunized population. Access to vaccination for underserved populations both in developed and resource-poor nations remains an issue. Multivalent vaccines that encompass additional oncogenic HPV strains are under development.
宫颈癌是一场全球健康危机，对发展中国家和服务不足的人群影响尤为严重。两种针对人乳头瘤病毒16型和18型（这两种病毒导致70%的浸润性宫颈癌）的疫苗已在美国及全球众多国家获得许可。两种疫苗配方均显示出卓越的疗效且毒性极小。仍存在诸多问题，包括成本效益、男性接种、社会对人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种的接受度以及对已接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗人群的宫颈发育异常筛查。在发达国家和资源匮乏国家，服务不足人群获得疫苗接种的机会仍然是一个问题。包含更多致癌人乳头瘤病毒毒株的多价疫苗正在研发中。
