Canyon Deon V
Department of Public Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, HI 96822, USA.
J Bus Contin Emer Plan. 2012;6(2):102-10.
Crises are preceded by the emission of a series of early warning signals. If detected, these act like triggers for organisational action in anticipation of a known or unknown threat. It is vitally important to detect these signals to enable proactive, preventative actions that limit the impact of ensuing damage. The extent of threat surveillance (signal detection) in health organisations is an unknown, so a cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the degree to which signal detection mechanisms are used. The focus of signal detection mechanisms and their degree of organisational integration was also assessed, as were organisational attitudes to whistle-blowers. Participants were executives in hospitals, medical centres, aged care homes, pharmacies, dental clinics and physiotherapy, chiropractic and podiatry practices. The results show that health organisations have inadequate signal detection mechanisms focusing on a limited selection of threats. Organisations often fail to integrate and disperse their mechanisms and focus almost entirely on internal signals. A majority of the surveyed organisations failed to reward bearers of bad news. In conclusion, the health organisations surveyed lacked systematic and systemic threat surveillance processes and mechanisms that are essential if they are to become better prepared for crises.
危机发生之前会发出一系列预警信号。如果这些信号被检测到，就会像触发器一样促使组织针对已知或未知的威胁采取行动。检测到这些信号对于采取积极的预防行动以限制后续损害的影响至关重要。卫生组织中威胁监测（信号检测）的程度尚不清楚，因此开展了一项横断面调查，以评估信号检测机制的使用程度。同时还评估了信号检测机制的重点及其组织整合程度，以及组织对举报者的态度。参与者为医院、医疗中心、养老院、药店、牙科诊所以及物理治疗、整脊和足病诊疗机构的管理人员。结果表明，卫生组织的信号检测机制不足，仅关注有限的一部分威胁。各组织往往未能整合和分散其机制，几乎完全侧重于内部信号。大多数接受调查的组织没有对带来坏消息的人给予奖励。总之，接受调查的卫生组织缺乏系统且全面的威胁监测流程和机制，而这些对于它们更好地应对危机至关重要。
