Laboratório Integrado de Microbiologia e Imunorregulação (LIMI), CPqGM, FIOCRUZ, Rua Waldemar Falcão 121, Candeal, 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil ; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
J Trop Med. 2012;2012:940616. doi: 10.1155/2012/940616. Epub 2012 Dec 13.
Populations exposed to Plasmodium infection develop genetic mechanisms of protection against severe disease. The clinical manifestation of malaria results primarily from the lysis of infected erythrocytes and subsequent immune and inflammatory responses. Herein, we review the genetic alterations associated with erythrocytes or mediators of the immune system, which might influence malaria outcome. Moreover, polymorphisms in genes related to molecules involved in mechanisms of cytoadherence and their influence on malaria pathology are also discussed. The results of some studies have suggested that the combinatorial effects of a set of genetic factors in the erythrocyte-immunology pathway might be relevant to host resistance or susceptibility against Plasmodium infection. However, these results must be interpreted with caution because of the differences observed in the functionality and frequency of polymorphisms within different populations. With the recent advances in molecular biology techniques, more robust studies with reliable data have been reported, and the results of these studies have identified individual genetic factors for consideration in preventing severe disease and the individual response to treatment.
受疟原虫感染的人群会产生针对严重疾病的遗传保护机制。疟疾的临床表现主要源于受感染红细胞的溶解，以及随后的免疫和炎症反应。在此，我们回顾了与红细胞或免疫系统介质相关的遗传改变，这些改变可能影响疟疾的结局。此外，还讨论了与参与细胞黏附机制的分子相关的基因中的多态性及其对疟疾病理学的影响。一些研究的结果表明，红细胞-免疫学途径中一组遗传因素的组合效应可能与宿主对疟原虫感染的抵抗力或易感性有关。然而，由于在不同人群中观察到多态性的功能和频率存在差异，必须谨慎解释这些结果。随着分子生物学技术的最新进展，已经有更可靠数据的更稳健研究报告，这些研究的结果确定了个体遗传因素，可用于预防严重疾病和对治疗的个体反应。
