Compliance in the elderly.

Noncompliance is not a unique phenomenon associated with aging. Many of the same problems concerning taking medications most appropriately apply to 40 year olds as well as to 80 year olds. What is unique about the elderly is their greater sensitivity to medications, their greater propensity for the development of adverse effects, and the greater complexity of their regimens as they develop chronic illnesses through the course of their lives. In addition, decreasing acuity of special senses, problems with memory, and the interposition of other caregivers are all unique phenomena that have to be dealt with through expansion of the standard methods but only rarely through specific methods. Utilization of modern technology such as video cassette recorders, large print reproductions, and improved communication modalities for people with hearing and sight disabilities may overcome some of the problems leading to decreased comprehension and communication ability in elderly patients. Similarly, for those with financial barriers to appropriate utilization of medications, programs such as the Elderly Pharmaceutical Insurance Coverage (EPIC) in New York State may be helpful. Medicaid and AARP programs for obtaining medications at lower prices can help financially strapped patients. The necessity for physicians to learn about cultural attitudes toward family and governmentally supplied caregivers may also facilitate optimal medication utilization in our polycultural society. Medications can serve the elderly to great benefit. Misapplication and misuse of medications may result in undesirable outcomes, ranging from lack of maximum efficacy, annoying nuisance side effects, diminishing quality-of-life, and even life-threatening adverse outcomes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)