Butt Michelle L, McGrath Jacqueline M, Samra Haifa Abou, Gupta Rebecca
School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1 Canada.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2013 Jan-Feb;42(1):105-20. doi: 10.1111/1552-6909.12002.
To synthesize findings from the published empirical literature on parent satisfaction with care provided in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Electronic databases including CINAHL, Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts, the Cochrane Library, and the Campbell Library were searched for relevant research dating from January 1990 to the beginning of October 2011. The reference lists of all studies were reviewed and the personal files of the authors were also searched for relevant studies.
Twelve studies (nine quantitative descriptive, two qualitative descriptive, and one mixed methods) were identified that met the review inclusion criteria. Only studies written in English were selected.
Whittemore and Knafl's methodology for integrative reviews guided the data extraction and subsequent analysis. Studies meeting the review inclusion criteria were analyzed sequentially. Data were extracted and organized under the following headings: author, year, and country; study purpose and design; sample size and setting; study variables and data collection; study findings; and limitations.
Studies examining parent satisfaction with the care provided in the NICU were synthesized under four main themes: (a) parents' degree of satisfaction with care, (b) factors associated with parents' satisfaction with care, (c) elements of care parents view as important, and (d) discrepancies between parent expectations and actual ratings of care.
The vast majority of parents were highly satisfied with the care they and their infants received in the NICU. However, other evidence points to less-than-optimal NICU care that is not meeting parents' expectations. These findings provide some direction as to what is important and satisfying to parents whose children must reside in the NICU. However, given the quality and dearth of the evidence, gaps remain in our understanding, and additional, more rigorous research is needed.
综合已发表的关于新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）家长对所提供护理满意度的实证文献研究结果。
检索了包括护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）、医学期刊数据库（Medline）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）、心理学文摘数据库（PsycInfo）、社会学文摘数据库、考科蓝图书馆和坎贝尔图书馆在内的电子数据库，以查找1990年1月至2011年10月初的相关研究。对所有研究的参考文献列表进行了审查，并查阅了作者的个人档案以寻找相关研究。
确定了12项符合综述纳入标准的研究（9项定量描述性研究、2项定性描述性研究和1项混合方法研究）。仅选择了英文撰写的研究。
惠特莫尔和克纳夫的综合评论方法指导了数据提取及后续分析。对符合综述纳入标准的研究进行了顺序分析。数据在以下标题下提取和整理：作者、年份和国家；研究目的和设计；样本量和研究背景；研究变量和数据收集；研究结果；以及局限性。
关于家长对NICU所提供护理满意度的研究综合为四个主要主题：（a）家长对护理的满意程度；（b）与家长护理满意度相关的因素；（c）家长认为重要的护理要素；（d）家长期望与实际护理评分之间的差异。
绝大多数家长对他们及其婴儿在NICU接受的护理高度满意。然而，其他证据表明NICU护理未达最佳水平，未满足家长期望。这些发现为那些孩子必须入住NICU的家长指出了重要和令人满意的方面。然而，鉴于证据的质量和匮乏，我们的理解仍存在差距，需要进行更多更严格的研究。
