McNair Carol, Chinian Nevart, Shah Vibhuti, McAllister Mary, Franck Linda S, Stevens Bonnie, Burry Lisa, Taddio Anna
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2020 May;49(3):263-271. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2020.02.007. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
To metasynthesize the results of qualitative studies on the factors that affect parents' participation in pain management for their infants during procedures in the NICU.
We conducted a literature search for articles published from 1976 through November 2019 using MeSH terminology in the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science. All qualitative studies in which researchers explored parental participation and education in the NICU were included.
A total of 29,937 articles were returned. Once we removed duplicates and limited results to qualitative studies, 48 articles remained. We excluded 41 articles because the studies reported were not conducted in NICUs, involved neonatal palliative care, or were review or opinion articles. We included seven articles for review.
Two authors reviewed all articles using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool to assess study quality and independently scored each study. We reviewed and extracted authors, publication date, type of study, sample size, results, themes, and quotes and included these data elements in the analysis.
We used a thematic synthesis technique to review the qualitative data, entered codes into NVivo software, and compared codes to create descriptive themes. From these descriptive themes, we generated four analytic themes: Learning to Parent a Hospitalized Infant, Stress and Anxiety, Health Care Providers as Gatekeepers, and NICU Environment.
The four themes identified in this qualitative metasynthesis represent the factors that affect parents' abilities to participate in their infants' pain management. Further research is recommended to develop interventions that address these factors to optimize parents' participation in pain management for their infants during procedures in the NICU.
对有关影响新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）内婴儿操作过程中家长参与疼痛管理因素的定性研究结果进行整合分析。
我们使用医学主题词（MeSH）在以下数据库中检索了1976年至2019年11月发表的文章：医学文献数据库（MEDLINE）、护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL Plus）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（EMBASE）、美国国立医学图书馆生物医学信息数据库（PubMed）、心理学文摘数据库（PsycINFO）、考克兰图书馆（Cochrane）、Scopus数据库以及科学引文索引数据库（Web of Science）。纳入所有研究人员探讨NICU中家长参与及教育情况的定性研究。
共检索到29937篇文章。去除重复文章并将结果限定为定性研究后，剩余48篇文章。我们排除了41篇文章，原因是所报道的研究并非在NICU进行、涉及新生儿姑息治疗，或是综述或观点类文章。我们纳入了7篇文章进行综述。
两位作者使用批判性评估技能计划工具对所有文章进行评审以评估研究质量，并独立对每项研究进行评分。我们审核并提取了作者、发表日期、研究类型、样本量、结果、主题以及引语，并将这些数据元素纳入分析。
我们使用主题综合技术对定性数据进行综述，将编码录入NVivo软件，并比较编码以创建描述性主题。从这些描述性主题中，我们生成了四个分析性主题：学会照顾住院婴儿、压力与焦虑、作为把关人的医护人员以及NICU环境。
这项定性整合分析中确定的四个主题代表了影响家长参与其婴儿疼痛管理能力的因素。建议进一步开展研究以制定应对这些因素的干预措施，从而在NICU内的操作过程中优化家长对其婴儿疼痛管理的参与度。
