Leibniz-Research Centre for Working, Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund, Germany.
J Adv Nurs. 2013 Oct;69(10):2185-95. doi: 10.1111/jan.12082. Epub 2013 Jan 14.
To examine the role of two personal resources (active, problem-focused coping; self-efficacy beliefs) in the relation between job demands and strain.
Evidence suggests that healthcare staff in general and nurses in particular, are at a high risk of suffering from high levels of job strain. In addition to often examined job-related resources (such as control and social support), personal resources are expected to moderate (i.e. buffer) the relation between job demands and indicators of strain, particularly when there is a functional match between the type of demands and resources.
Cross-sectional questionnaire survey.
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted (February-April 2010) among staff members of three nursing homes of a municipal organization for residential elderly care located in an urban area of Western Germany. A total of 145 of 251 employees responded to the invitation to participate in the study (57·8% participation rate). Data were analysed by hierarchical moderated regression analyses.
Increasing job demands (quantitative and qualitative workload) had adverse effects on emotional exhaustion, psychosomatic complaints, and turnover intentions, whereas nurses' self-efficacy beliefs exerted beneficial effects on all outcomes. Furthermore, findings revealed that active, problem-focused coping interacts with job demands in the prediction of job strain.
Both research and practice should focus on a closer match between personal resources and job demands to prevent nurses from being strained.
探讨两种个人资源（积极的、以问题为中心的应对方式；自我效能信念）在工作需求与紧张之间关系中的作用。
有证据表明，一般来说，医疗保健人员，尤其是护士，面临着高度的工作压力风险。除了经常被研究的与工作相关的资源（如控制和社会支持）之外，个人资源预计会调节（即缓冲）工作需求与紧张指标之间的关系，特别是当需求和资源的类型之间存在功能匹配时。
横断面问卷调查。
在德国西部一个城市地区的一家市政老年人居住护理机构的三个养老院的工作人员中进行了横断面问卷调查（2010 年 2 月至 4 月）。共有 251 名员工中有 145 名响应了参加研究的邀请（参与率为 57.8%）。数据通过分层调节回归分析进行分析。
工作需求（定量和定性工作量）的增加对情绪疲惫、身心抱怨和离职意向产生了不利影响，而护士的自我效能信念对所有结果都产生了有益的影响。此外，研究结果表明，积极的、以问题为中心的应对方式与工作需求在预测工作紧张方面存在相互作用。
研究和实践都应关注个人资源与工作需求之间更紧密的匹配，以防止护士出现紧张情绪。
