a Center for Spatial Information Science , University of Tokyo , Japan.
Memory. 2013;21(7):807-17. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2012.758289. Epub 2013 Jan 14.
This study empirically examined the retention of large-scale spatial memory, taking different types of spatial knowledge and levels of sense of direction into consideration. A total of 38 participants learned a route from a video and conducted spatial tasks immediately after learning the route and after 2 weeks or 3 months had passed. Results showed that spatial memory decayed over time, at a faster rate for the first 2-week period than for the subsequent period of up to 3 months, although it was not completely forgotten even after 3 months. The rate of forgetting differed depending on the type of knowledge, with landmark and route knowledge deteriorating at a much faster rate than survey knowledge. Sense of direction affected both the acquisition and the retention of survey knowledge. Survey knowledge by people with a good sense of direction was more accurate and decayed much less than that by people with a poor sense of direction.
本研究从实证角度考察了大型空间记忆的保持情况，同时考虑了不同类型的空间知识和方向感水平。共有 38 名参与者观看视频学习路线，并在学习路线后立即以及 2 周或 3 个月后进行空间任务。结果表明，空间记忆会随时间流逝而衰退，在最初的 2 周内衰退速度较快，而在随后的 3 个月内则较慢，即使在 3 个月后也并未完全遗忘。遗忘速度取决于知识类型，地标和路线知识的衰退速度远快于调查知识。方向感影响调查知识的习得和保持。方向感较好的人掌握的调查知识更准确，衰退速度也比方向感较差的人慢得多。
