Trenholme Adrian, Vogel Alison, Lennon Diana, McBride Charissa, Stewart Joanna, Best Emma, Mason Henare, Percival Teuila
Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2012 Dec 14;125(1367):15-23.
To describe household characteristics of admissions for lower respiratory tract infection (LRI) in children aged less than 2 years in Counties Manukau, South Auckland, New Zealand.
Prospective recruitment of all children aged less than 2 years admitted with a primary diagnosis of LRI from August to December 2007 with caregiver questionnaire.
There were 580 admissions involving 465 children, 394 of whom had completed questionnaires (85% response rate). Sixty-four percent of admissions had a diagnosis of bronchiolitis and 26% of pneumonia. Relative risk of admission was 4.4 (95% CI 3.2-6.2) for Maori, 5.8 (4.4-7.9) for Pacific peoples compared with European/others and 3.1 (2.4-3.9) for the most deprived quintile compared with other quintiles. Longer total stay was more likely in those of younger age, who were premature or of Maori or Pacific ethnicity. Household characteristics demonstrate that 25% live with =7 other people, 33% live with 4 or more children, 65% of children are exposed to cigarette smoke and 27% use no form of heating.
Among young children admitted with LRI there is a high rate of exposure to known avoidable risk factors such as smoking, lack of heating and large households in overcrowded conditions.
描述新西兰南奥克兰马努考县2岁以下儿童下呼吸道感染（LRI）入院病例的家庭特征。
前瞻性招募2007年8月至12月期间因LRI作为主要诊断入院的所有2岁以下儿童，并对其照顾者进行问卷调查。
共有580例入院病例，涉及465名儿童，其中394名儿童完成了问卷调查（应答率为85%）。64%的入院病例诊断为细支气管炎，26%为肺炎。与欧洲/其他族裔相比，毛利人的入院相对风险为4.4（95%可信区间3.2 - 6.2），太平洋岛民为5.8（4.4 - 7.9），最贫困五分之一人群与其他五分之一人群相比为3.1（2.4 - 3.9）。年龄较小、早产或为毛利族或太平洋岛民的儿童住院总时长更有可能较长。家庭特征显示，25%的儿童与7名及以上其他人同住，33%的家庭有4名或更多子女，65%的儿童暴露于香烟烟雾中，27%的家庭不使用任何供暖形式。
在因LRI入院的幼儿中，暴露于吸烟、缺乏供暖以及拥挤环境中的大家庭等已知可避免风险因素的比例很高。
