Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Louisville, 550 South Jackson Street, 1st Floor ACB, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013 Sep;21(9):2019-28. doi: 10.1007/s00167-013-2366-6. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
This retrospective study compared the influence of perceived sports involvement on lower extremity neuromuscular adaptations during single-leg countermovement jumping (CMJ), perceived knee function and internal health locus of control (HLOC) scores at a minimum 2-year post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The hypothesis was that subjects with higher-level sports involvement would display significant differences compared to subjects with lower-level sports involvement.
Uninvolved and involved lower extremity EMG amplitude (1,000 Hz), vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) (500 Hz) and kinematic (60 Hz) displacement differences were determined during single-leg CMJ. These data and International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee survey scores, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Survey internal HLOC subscale scores and sports activity characteristics were compared by sports involvement level.
Subjects that regarded themselves as only sporting sometimes (Group 3, n = 26) had lower IKDC survey and internal HLOC scores, were more likely to decrease sports activities by two intensity levels than highly competitive (Group 1, n = 20) and well-trained/frequently sporting (Group 2, n = 24) subjects, and had greater peak landing VGRF differences suggesting decreased involved lower extremity loading compared to Group 2. During propulsion, Group 1 had greater gluteus maximus (GM) and gastrocnemius (G) EMG differences than Groups 2 and 3. Groups 1 and 2 had decreased vastus medialis (VM) EMG differences during propulsion than Group 3. During landing, Group 1 had greater GM and G EMG differences than Group 3.
Subjects with higher-level sports involvement up-regulated involved lower extremity GM and G activation and down-regulated VM activation. This adaptation may enable continued higher-level sports participation while minimizing knee joint forces. Perceived higher-level sports involvement was related to neuromuscular adaptations, better subjective knee function, a more internal HLOC and higher sports activity intensity.
Therapeutic case series, level IV.
本回顾性研究比较了单腿反向跳（CMJ）中感知的运动参与度对下肢神经肌肉适应性的影响，以及前交叉韧带重建后至少 2 年时感知的膝关节功能和内部健康控制源（HLOC）评分。假设是，与运动参与度较低的受试者相比，运动参与度较高的受试者会显示出显著差异。
在单腿 CMJ 期间，确定了未参与和参与的下肢肌电图幅度（1000 Hz）、垂直地面反作用力（VGRF）（500 Hz）和运动学（60 Hz）位移差异。通过运动参与水平比较这些数据以及国际膝关节文献委员会主观膝关节调查评分、多维健康控制源调查内部 HLOC 亚量表评分和运动活动特征。
将自己视为偶尔运动的受试者（第 3 组，n = 26）的 IKDC 调查和内部 HLOC 评分较低，与高度竞技（第 1 组，n = 20）和训练有素/经常运动（第 2 组，n = 24）的受试者相比，更有可能将运动强度降低两个级别，并且在峰值着陆 VGRF 差异较大，这表明与第 2 组相比，参与度较低的下肢负荷减少。在推进阶段，第 1 组的臀大肌（GM）和比目鱼肌（G）肌电图差异大于第 2 组和第 3 组。第 1 组和第 2 组在推进阶段的股内侧肌（VM）肌电图差异小于第 3 组。在着陆阶段，第 1 组的 GM 和 G 肌电图差异大于第 3 组。
运动参与度较高的受试者增加了参与度较低的下肢 GM 和 G 激活，减少了 VM 激活。这种适应可能使他们能够继续参与更高水平的运动，同时最大限度地减少膝关节力。感知的更高水平的运动参与与神经肌肉适应性、更好的主观膝关节功能、更内部的 HLOC 和更高的运动活动强度有关。
治疗性病例系列，IV 级。
