Hoskison E, Daniel M, Al-Zahid S, Shakesheff K M, Bayston R, Birchall J P
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
Ther Deliv. 2013 Jan;4(1):115-24. doi: 10.4155/tde.12.130.
Drug delivery to the ear is used to treat conditions of the middle and inner ear such as acute and chronic otitis media, Ménière's disease, sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. Drugs used include antibiotics, antifungals, steroids, local anesthetics and neuroprotective agents. A literature review was conducted searching Medline (1966-2012), Embase (1988-2012), the Cochrane Library and Ovid (1966-2012), using search terms 'drug delivery', 'middle ear', 'inner ear' and 'transtympanic'. There are numerous methods of drug delivery to the middle ear, which can be categorized as topical, systemic (intravenous), transtympanic and via the Eustachian tube. Localized treatments to the ear have the advantages of targeted drug delivery allowing higher therapeutic doses and minimizing systemic side effects. The ideal scenario would be a carrier system that could cross the intact tympanic membrane loaded with drugs or biochemical agents for the treatment of middle and inner ear conditions.
药物递送至耳部用于治疗中耳和内耳疾病，如急慢性中耳炎、梅尼埃病、感音神经性听力损失和耳鸣。使用的药物包括抗生素、抗真菌药、类固醇、局部麻醉药和神经保护剂。通过检索医学索引数据库（1966 - 2012年）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（1988 - 2012年）、考克兰图书馆和Ovid数据库（1966 - 2012年），使用检索词“药物递送”、“中耳”、“内耳”和“经鼓膜”进行了文献综述。有多种将药物递送至中耳的方法，可分为局部、全身（静脉内）、经鼓膜和通过咽鼓管给药。耳部局部治疗具有靶向药物递送的优势，可允许更高的治疗剂量并使全身副作用最小化。理想的情况是一种载体系统，它能够携带药物或生化制剂穿过完整的鼓膜，用于治疗中耳和内耳疾病。
