Université Catholique de Louvain, Pôle Epidémiologie et Biostatistique, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique Brussels, Ecole de Santé Publique, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs 30, EPID B1.30.13, BE-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium.
Public Health Nutr. 2013 Aug;16(8):1362-70. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012005484. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
Adequate iodine and Fe intakes are imperative during pregnancy to prevent fetal defects, but such data are not available in the Democratic Republic of Congo. We aimed to assess iodine and Fe status in pregnant women from Lubumbashi.
Cross-sectional study. We measured urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in random urine samples using a modified Sandell–Kolthoff digestion method; the WHO reference medians were used to classify iodine intake as deficient, adequate, more than adequate or excessive. Serum ferritin concentrations were measured by immunoenzymatic assay and considered insufficient when ,12 ng/ml.
Maternity units from rural, semi-urban and urban areas of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Two hundred and twenty-five randomly selected pregnant women attending prenatal consultation, seventy-five postpartum women and seventy-five non-pregnant women as controls.
Overall median UIC in pregnant women was 138 (interquartile range: 105–172) mg/l, indicating iodine deficiency, whereas postpartum and nonpregnant women had adequate iodine intake: median UIC5144mg/l and 204mg/l,respectively. Median UIC values were lower in late pregnancy than in early pregnancy: in the first, second and third trimester respectively 255mg/l, 70mg/l and 88mg/l in the rural area; 306mg/l, 166mg/l and 68mg/l in the semi-urban area; and 203mg/l, 174mg/l and 99mg/l in the urban area. Fe was insufficient in 39% of pregnant women compared with 21% of non-pregnant and postpartum women. In the third trimester, deficiencies in both iodine and Fe were high: 40%, 12% and 18% in the rural, semi-urban and urban areas, respectively.
Our data suggest that pregnant women are at risk of iodine and Fe deficiencies in Lubumbashi. Country policies fighting against iodine and Fe deficiencies during pregnancy should be reinforced.
怀孕期间摄入足够的碘和铁对于预防胎儿缺陷至关重要，但刚果民主共和国缺乏此类数据。我们旨在评估卢本巴希孕妇的碘和铁状况。
横断面研究。我们使用改良的桑德尔-科尔托夫消化法测量随机尿样中的尿碘浓度（UIC）；采用世界卫生组织参考中位数将碘摄入量分为不足、充足、过量和过多。血清铁蛋白浓度采用免疫酶法测定，当 <12ng/ml 时被认为不足。
刚果民主共和国卢本巴希农村、半城市和城市地区的产科单位。
225 名随机选择的接受产前咨询的孕妇、75 名产后妇女和 75 名非孕妇作为对照。
孕妇的总体中位数 UIC 为 138（四分位距：105-172）mg/l，表明存在碘缺乏，而产后和非孕妇的碘摄入量充足：中位数 UIC 分别为 5144mg/l 和 204mg/l。晚期妊娠的 UIC 值低于早期妊娠：在农村地区，分别为第一、二和三个月的 255mg/l、70mg/l 和 88mg/l；在半城市地区，分别为 306mg/l、166mg/l 和 68mg/l；在城市地区，分别为 203mg/l、174mg/l 和 99mg/l。与非孕妇和产后妇女相比，39%的孕妇铁不足。在孕晚期，碘和铁的缺乏都很高：在农村、半城市和城市地区，分别为 40%、12%和 18%。
我们的数据表明，卢本巴希的孕妇有碘和铁缺乏的风险。应加强针对该国孕妇碘和铁缺乏的国家政策。
