Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education & Health, Shanghai Medical College and Institute of Medical Microbiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Viruses. 2013 Jan 16;5(1):211-25. doi: 10.3390/v5010211.
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main viral cause of respiratory tract infection in infants as well as some elderly and high-risk adults with chronic pulmonary disease and the severely immunocompromised. So far, no specific anti-RSV therapeutics or effective anti-RSV vaccines have been reported. Only one humanized monoclonal antibody, Palivizumab, has been approved for use in high-risk infants to prevent RSV infection. Ribavirin is the only drug licensed for therapy of RSV infection, but its clinical use is limited by its nonspecific anti-RSV activity, toxic effect, and relatively high cost. Therefore, development of novel effective anti-RSV therapeutics is urgently needed. The RSV envelope glycoprotein F plays an important role in RSV fusion with, and entry into, the host cell and, consequently, serves as an attractive target for developing RSV entry inhibitors. This article reviews advances made in studies of the structure and function of the F protein and the development of RSV entry inhibitors targeting it.
人类呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是导致婴儿以及一些患有慢性肺部疾病和严重免疫功能低下的老年和高危成年人呼吸道感染的主要病毒。到目前为止，还没有报道针对 RSV 的具体治疗方法或有效的 RSV 疫苗。只有一种人源化单克隆抗体帕利珠单抗被批准用于预防高危婴儿 RSV 感染。利巴韦林是唯一获准用于治疗 RSV 感染的药物，但由于其非特异性抗 RSV 活性、毒性作用和相对较高的成本，其临床应用受到限制。因此，迫切需要开发新型有效的抗 RSV 治疗方法。RSV 包膜糖蛋白 F 在 RSV 与宿主细胞融合和进入宿主细胞中起重要作用，因此成为开发 RSV 进入抑制剂的有吸引力的靶标。本文综述了 F 蛋白结构和功能研究以及针对该蛋白的 RSV 进入抑制剂开发的进展。
